"The man's hat."
Translation:Hata an fhir.
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Don't get used to the idea that there is a link between the nominative plural and the genitive singular. That is only the case for some nouns.
In the nominative case, the singular is fear and an fear, and the plural is fir and na fir.
In the genitive case, the singular is fir and an fhir, and the plural is fear and na bhfear.
In the case of buachaill, you have an buachaill, with plurals buachaillí and na buachaillí, but the genitives are buachalla, an bhuachalla in the singular, with buachaillí and na mbuachaillí in the plural.
The feminine noun feoil has an fheoil, with plurals feolta and na feolta in the nominative, and feola and na feola in the genitive singular and feolta and na bhfeolta in the genitive plural. (Note the use of na in the genitive singular for a feminine noun).
(See more examples at https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/52095695)
The genitive case in English is not just used for possession (marked by 's), which indicates possession, or "of":
"she could make out the image of a man" - bhí sí in ann samhail fir a fheiceáil
(This could be "a man's image", but that can have a slightly different meaning in English).