"Here is the lake."
Translation:Вот озеро.
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Там = over there.
Здесь/тут = here. (Тут is more informal, but otherwise the two are interchangeable.)
Вот= here is (stress on "is"!); it demonstrates the object instead of merely describing its location. Think about how you use "Here its is!" in English.
P.S. Bonus material:
Here is (=вот!) a somewhat popular Russian aphorism:
Тут вам не там! = Here is not there for you! (As in: Here is different from over there.)
It is typically used to point out that one should not expect Western standards in Russia. The first Prime Minister of modern Russia, Viktor Chernomyrdin, known for his Yogi Berra-style comments, has mangled it into Здесь вам не тут!, which is, of course, completely meaningless but quite funny since здесь & тут mean exactly the same thing.
Thank you for sharing that little language-bumbling anecdote. I've always loved how knowing a language well opens up so many opportunities for humor, both through clever use of the language, and through poor use of it. I love when I can use deliberately incorrect grammar in English to comic effect, and I think I'll feel I've accomplished one of my biggest language learning goals when I can do the same in Russian. :)
Since "вот" demonstrates the existence/presence of something here, it should precede that thing. "Там", on the other hand, is a mere indication of location and hence both "озеро там" & "там озеро" are OK, although they still stress different information: Russian normally delivers new/important information at the end of a sentence, https://www.duolingo.com/comment/13955228
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Здесь озеро - The lake is here or A lake is here.
"Here is" is always translated as Вот.