"У мальчика нет карандаша."
Translation:The boy does not have a pencil.
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I was curios about "карандаша"'s origins... Some further digging didn't let me disappointed.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88#Etymology_2
So what's the link to the pen and pencil company "Caran D'ache" http://www.carandache.com/en/ ? I'd always assumed it was named after this...?
From Wikipedia:
"In 1924, Arnold Schweitzer named his new company after Caran d'Ache, the nickname of the French satiric political cartoonist Emmanuel Poiré (who in turn took his name from карандаш (karandash), the Russian word for pencil)"
:)
Very interesting, thanks. The opposite to what I thought! Either way, can't see my self ever forgetting this word now :)
AnUnicorn, is that the unicorn from the book "Pheobe and Her Unicorn"?
.... Omg, it is! That's awesome!
Indeed it is! I've found it to be a great source of unicorns making silly faces. :D
What was your full sentence? Sometimes there's a small mistake somewhere in the rest of the sentence but Duolingo marks the wrong word...
My full sentence was: "The boy does not have the pencil", and "the" was marked wrong.
I put, "the" just now and marked me incorrect too, nearly a year later. I reported it again.
I think that this should be incorrect, because "the pencil" implies that he may have another pencil. They want you to say he doesn't have a pencil.
DUOLINGO TIPS:
Genitive Case - 1 In Russian “I have” is expressed by «У меня (есть)» structure. The owner is in the Genitive case.
Genitive
"The of-case". It is one of the most universal cases. How do you make the forms? Here is the regular pattern:
| ENDING | Genitive sg. | soft stem | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -a/-я | мама | мамы | земля--->земли | |
| zero-ending masculine and -о/-е neutral | сок / молоко | сока / молока | конь ----> коня | |
| -ь feminine | мышь | мыши |
A zero ending means that the word ends in a consonant or a soft sign (which is just a way to show the final consonant is "soft"). In the Nominative singular, a Russian word can only have the following endings: а, я, о, е, ё or nothing ("zero ending").
Genitive of Negation
If you use «нет» to say that there is "no" something or you do not have it, the object is always in Genitive:
У меня́ есть я́блоко → У меня́ нет я́блока
Здесь есть рюкза́к → Здесь нет рюкзака́.
Major uses
"of" (possession): яблоко мамы = mom's apple
"of" (amount): чашка чая, много чая = a cup of tea, a lot of tea
A huge number of prepositions require this case. Yes, «у меня есть», «У неё есть» only use «меня» and «неё» because «у» wants Genitive.
For он, она and оно Genitive doubles as a non-changing possessive "his", "her", "their": его, её, их. initial «н» is used for him/her/them with the majority of prepositions (doesn't affect possessives)
Indeclinable nouns
A little side note: some nouns of foreign origin are indeclinable. It means that all their forms are the same. Foreign nouns that end in о/е become like that (кофе, метро, радио, резюме), as well as all nouns that do not fit into Russian declension patterns (see above).
This includes female names that end in anything other than А or Я. A few -ь-ending names are an exception (Любовь and Biblical names like Юдифь).
So, all of the following names are automatically indeclinable: Маргарет, Мэри, Элли, Дженни, Рэйчел, Натали, Энн, Ким, Тесс, Жасмин.
I am away
Russian also uses the Genitive to state that someone is "away", "not there": Мамы сейчас нет. In English such use would correspond to "There is no mom at the moment", or even "There is no me now". We are not hard on that particular construction in the course, but it is important to know it all the same.
Added bonus: when a verb directly acts on a noun, the noun is called a direct object and is in Accusative. In Russian, only -а/-я nouns have a unique form for it. Others just reuse the Genitive or don't change anything (Nominative)
Russian nouns change case depending on how they are used in a sentence. "Нет" requires the word to be in genitive case, so "карандаш" becomes "карандаша".
Карандашей is pencils in the genitive case.
Source: http://www.alphadictionary.com/rusgrammar/genplur.html (#3, stem ends on hush (Ш))
Looking at the context and seeing if any other words are genitive also helps.
Arm/hand is рука. Though I think ручка can be used as a diminutive of рука, I'm fairly certain I've heard that used.
Yes, my mother says it all the time. Thank you for responding! Благодарю вас! Merci bеaucoup! ☺
I think because it's plural. When you say 'any pencils' it literally means 'никаких карандашей'
That's just wrong, карандаша is never a plural form.
Although after два, три, четыре genitive singular is used so you do say четыре карандаша for "four pencils".
the attendant to provide him with one is the intention of statement :)
this had the option to be "the boy does not have his pencil" - would that also have been correct?
You changed the sentence to make the pencil "his". You'd have to add "his" in the Russian sentence too. It doesn't just mean "his" automatically. So far it's "the".
Why is "The boy doesn't have a pencil" incorrect? I just connected 'does not' after all.
Does anyone else find it strange that one word in Russian can mean an entire phrase, while others only mean one word?
I wrote "the" pencil instead of "a" pencil and the answer was flagged wrong. How can one tell the difference?
It's really not correct. Saying he doesn't have THE pencil, is saying that he may have another pencil. The Russian sentece is saying that he doesn't have a pencil. 'The' and 'A', although similar, do change the meaning of the sentence, altogether.
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This is absolutely inconsistent and should be fixed. It does not accept "A boy has no pencil" and "A boy does not have a pencil". It insists it must be "The boy does not have a pencil". There is no context enforcing "The" and it must accept negation of a noun (not only negation of a verb) - because it's grammatically correct and it accepts it in other exercises.
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каранда́ш (karandáš) [kərɐnˈdaʂ] m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й) "pencil" In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Perhaps it was added in colloquial Russian speech to ease the pronunciation. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis. Wiktionary
I always dont know wheteher to put an article before a noun. It is sometimes bad, even though it is right! I demand it to be changed! It just takes my hearts and in this way it just looks as a propaganda to buy premium!
