Wiktionary says контрольная работа is a "short" test at school. Would that be like what we would call a "quiz" in America? That might be a short test at the beginning of class with 10 vocabulary words or something (sometimes a quiz is a surprise, called a "pop quiz"), while a "test" or "exam" would typically be a test that takes the entire class period, covers at least a chapter's worth of material, and might have different types of questions (multiple choice, true/false, essays, etc).

test / exam. interchangeable

Контрольная работа seems like such a long word, does it mean something more specific than test?

How do you say thumb drive?

Exam should be accepted here too?