"Tom is French, but he lives in Canada."
Translation:Том - француз, но он живёт в Канаде.
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We can replace it by "а" but then we have to remove "он": "Том - француз, а живёт в Канаде. Странно!". It's when the clause means a contradiction.
If we're leaving "он" then this pronoun means that another person lives in Canada, not Tom: "Эндрю говорит, что Том - француз, а он живет в Канаде". Well, maybe not the best example, but it works like that. We can't have the same subjects in the clauses around "a" (unlike "и", "но").
Now here's a weird thing. When i went through this lesson at level 4, I answered Том - француз, но он живёт в Канаде. And that was marked correct, but it offered me Тим - Француз, а живёт в Канаде as an alternative correct answer.
Now, going through it at level 5, I gave Тим - Француз, а живёт в Канаде as my answer - and it was marked wrong.
That is impossible; the sentence has not been edited since day one, and never had ". . ., а живёт в Канаде" among its accepted answers. However "Том — француз, но живёт в Канаде" was accepted.
I'm sorry, I may have confused two different sentences, I got MANY only subtly different sentences in that lesson.
french = французкий, frenchmen = француз; shouldn't here фанцузкий be accepted, too?
No, unlike in English using an adjective withoun a noun when talking about one's nationality in Russian makes no sence. You can say "Том - французский инженер" ("Tom is a French engineer") for example, or "этот диван - французский" ("this couch is French"), but not "Том - французский" .
"Француз" = "Frenchman", so no. To say "He is from France", you can say "он из Франции".