"One mają ciasteczka."
Translation:They have cookies.
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Duolingo has their priorities set straight. One of the first words you learn is "cookies".
Oni is masculine plural (men only or a group of women including at least one man) while one is feminine plural (women only). If you are familiar with Spanish and French, it's like ellos/ellas in Spanish and ils/elles in French. Hope it was clear.
Just to clarify:
"Oni" refers to people (males only or group of males and females)
"One" refers to people (group of females only) and all plural nouns.
All singular (masculine and feminine) nouns are "feminine" in plural.
In English is be universal "they". In Polish is be "oni" (men or men&women) and "one" (always women).
Why not "ciastka" for cookies? Isn't "ciasteczka" a small cookie...diminutive?
tea - herbata
tea biscuits - herbatniki
cookies/(tea) biscuits - ciastka/herbatniki
one cookie - jedno ciastko/jeden herbatnik
two cookies - dwa ciastka/dwa herbatniki
"Baby talk" (diminutive and overly affectionate):
very tiny cookie/biscuit - ciasteczko/herbatniczek
very tiny cookies/biscuits - ciasteczka/herbatniczki
They have cookies - (Oni/One) Mają ciastka/herbatniki
What is the Polish for one cookie? for a plural number of cookies? for one cake?
for a plural number of cakes?
They all seem to be the same !
Jedno ciastko - one cookie.
Dwa ciastka - two cookies.
Trzy ciastka - three cookies.
Cztery ciastka - four cookies.
Pięć ciastek - five cookies - this is different.
Sześć ciastek - six cookies.
Siedem ciastek - seven cookies.
Osiem ciastek - eight cookies.
Dziewięć ciastek - nine cookies.
Dziesięć ciastek - ten cookies.
And all upper numbers are "ciastek".
No, not exactly like that.
1) Numeral 1 takes the Nominative singular, and the form of the numeral has to agree with the gender of the noun:
- 1 cookie = jedno ciastko (neuter)
- 1 book = jedna książka (feminine)
- 1 house = jeden dom (masculine impersonal)
- 1 man = jeden mężczyzna (masculine personal)
2) Numerals 2, 3, 4 and compund numerlas from 22 up, ending with 2, 3 or 4 take the Nominative plural, and the form of the numeral has to agree with the gender of the noun:
- 2 cookies = dwa ciastka (n.)
- 2 books = dwie książki (f.)
- 2 houses = dwa domy (m.imp.)
- 2 men = dwaj mężczyźni (m.pers.)
- 22 cookies = dwadzieścia dwa ciastka
- 22 books = dwadzieścia dwie książki
- 22 houses = dwadzieścia dwa domy
- 154 cookies = sto pięćdziesiąt cztery ciastka
- 154 books = sto pięćdziesiąt cztery książki (f.)
- 154 houses = sto pięćdziesiąt cztery domy (m.imp.)
- 154 men = stu pięćdziesięciu czterech mężczyzn (m.pers.)
3) Numerals 5 to 19 and compund numerlas from 25 up, ending with 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 0 take the Genitive plural, and their forms are the same for all genders:
- 5 cookies = pięć ciastek
- 8 cookies = osiem ciastek
- 10 cookies = dziesięć ciastek
- 18 cookies = osiemnaście ciastek
- 25 cookies = dwadzieścia pięć ciastek
- 26 cookies = dwadzieścia sześć ciastek
- 37 cookies = trzydzieści siedem ciastek
- 148 cookies = sto czterdzieści osiem ciastek
- 200 cookies = dwieście ciastek
4) Compound numerals ending with 1 always end with "jeden", no matter what is the gender of the noun, and take the Genitive plural:
- 21 cookies = dwadzieścia jeden ciastek (n.)
- 21 women = dwadzieścia jeden kobiet (f.)
- 21 houses = dwadzieścia jeden domów (m.imp.)
- 21 men = dwudziestu jeden mężczyzn (m.pers.)
However there cases when collective numbers have to be used (eg. when counting people or animals), or things get otherwise complicated. I'd rather suggest to consult a manual in these cases, eg. Polish Grammar in a Nutshell by Oscar E. Swan, and other sources like Poradnia PWN, see. eg. 1, 2, 3, 4.
Woooow. Thank you sooooo much for taking the time to give this long explanation with examples.
It is definitely appreciated!! :)
one cookie - jedno ciastko
two/three/four - dwa/trzy/cztery ciastka
pięć/sześć, and more cookies - pięć/sześć i więcej ciastek
any dough (raw or baked) - ciasto
raw or baked goods (plural) - ciasta
one (birthday) cake - jeden tort (urodzinowy)
two/three/four cakes - dwa/trzy/cztery torty
five/six, and more cakes - pięć/sześć i więcej tortów
coffee/crumble cake - ciasto do kawy/placek z kruszonką do kawy
Jedno ciastko - One cookie (or "ciasteczko" as diminutive). As plural: Ciastka - cookies (or "ciasteczka") Dwa ciastka - two cookies (diminutive like up) Dwanaście ciastek - twelve cookies ("ciasteczek") or more... Polish language has a lot exceptions but all of them become simple with practice. When you speak about one cookie - you can use "Ciastko". When more then one cookie - "Ciastka" (when amount of cookies is not specify)
Yes, but only when group is mixed - male and female. Something like guys in English
Someone who knows American and British English please: In British English a biscuit is normally hard and crisp; a cake is soft and crumbly. I thought cookie meant biscuit is it also cake?
Right, as an independent sentence, "Mają ciastka" should be preferred.
The sentence "One mają ciastka" is quite specific and normally refers
to the previous sentence of the conversation about girls or, most likely,
unnecessary literal translation of the initial English sentence...
That is,
instead of natural sentence: "They have cookies - Mają ciastka" Duolingo promotes "One mają ciastka" (not incorrect, but... ignorant in this setting).
What does the sentence say? What question does this sentence answer?
What was the previous sentence? What is the context of the conversation?
Can you see the girls leaving the store/pastry shop? They have cookies! - Widzisz (te) dziewczynki wychodzące ze sklepu/z cukierni? Mają ciastka!
Who does have the cookies? They (the girls) have cookies/ They (the boys) have cookies - One (dziewczynki) mają ciastka/ Oni (chłopcy) mają ciastka
To my non native-English ear biscuit seems to be only one type of a cookie, and it translates to "herbatnik". But I don't have enough knowledge about how natives from different parts of world call cookies.
Anyway, "ciastka/ciasteczka" is the umbrella term for different types of them in Polish.
"that takes the biscuit"
Biscuit is a wonderful word
which can be an interesting challenge to translate into any language
http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=take%20the%20biscuit
Depends on the type of english you are familiar with. UK english, a cookie can be a biscuit, USA, not so much.
but how is ciasteczka plural???? i do not understand?? is this not nominative?
Firstly: not here, although it looks the same. Secondly: I'm confused, why wouldn't plural have Nominative?
And as for ddziaduch's answer - it's correct, although these are two different words :D I'd prefer using "ciastko" for a cookie, "ciasteczko" is a diminutive and this choice of the course creators always surprises me.
So singular: ciastko / ciasteczko
Plural: ciastka / ciasteczka
Let's just eat our cookies and enjoy them. Baking is my hobby and I make 5 dozen at a time of several different kinds. My signature is cranberry orange, my own recipe as there was none I cared for. Incidentally how do you say cranberry in Polish?
How in the world can we eat and enjoy your signature cranberry orange cookies? We have no recipe. Why don't you share one, for goodness sake! Write it down in English. You might learn here how to express it in Polish...
My signature cookies are cranberry orange ones - Moją specjalnością
są ciastka żurawinowo-pomarańczowe/ Moją specjalnością są ciastka
o smaku żurawinowo-pomarańczowym/ Ciastka o smaku żurawinowo-pomarańczowym/żurawinowo-pomarańczowe to moja specjalność
ciasteczko - it is actually diminuitive form, see: http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#11092/ciasteczko
ciastko is regular form: http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#11094/ciastko
| Zaimek | Pronoun |
|---|---|
| singular | |
| ja | I |
| ty | you (sg.) |
| on | he |
| ona | she |
| ono | it |
| to (dummy pronoun) | it / this / that |
| plural | |
| my | we |
| wy | you (pl.) |
| oni (masculine personal = virile) | they |
| one (other = non virile) | they |
For declension, see here:
- ja : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#90022
- ty : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#90017
- on/ono/ona : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#128548
- to: http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#90014
- my : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#90013
- wy : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#90019
- oni/one : http://sgjp.pl/leksemy/#128548
Both, depending on who 'they' are.
"oni" means that there is at least one man among 'them'.
"one" means that there's no men among 'them', so usually simply that 'they' are only women/girls.
Those pronouns rarely refer to something other than people, although it's possible.