"You do not know that man."
Translation:Nie znasz tamtego mężczyzny.
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masculine personal/animate? that is easy -a for consonant ending, -y for -a ending.
masculine not animate is not easy -a/-u feel rather random to Polish native speakers, I can link a set of general rules, but the bottom line (of advice to Polish people)- for rarely used nouns check dictionary
genitive endings :
"-i"
some feminine nouns (pani-pani, kąpiel-kąpieli) (it depends on the last consonant)
"-y"
- feminine nouns (kobieta-kobiety)
- "a" ending masculine nouns (mężczyzna-mężczyzny)
"-a"
-
all neuter nouns
-
masculine nouns that describe people and animals
-
masculine nouns that describe tools vessels (garnek-garnka=pot), weight (kilogram-kilograma), measures (metr-metra), numbers (milion-miliona) and months (maj-maja)
-
masculine nouns that describe fruits (banan-banana), vegetables (pomidor-pomidora),mushrooms (borowik-borowika) brands(Opel-Opla) , dances (walc-walca) and games (poker-pokera)
"-u"
- abstract, collective and material nouns ( humor-humoru, tłum-tłumu=crowd, bursztyn-bursztynu=amber)
-acronyms (GPS-u)
But there are also genders involved. "tamtej" is a Genitive (so correct) case, but it's also a feminine form. "a man" is obviously masculine, and it needs the form "tamtego".
Read more about it here: https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-demonstrative-pronouns/
wiesz - masz wiedzę, masz świadomość prawdziwości czegoś
- wiesz gdzie jest ..., wiesz kiedy jest ..., wiesz o której godzinie jest ...
- wiesz jak on się nazywa
znasz - masz z tym do czynienia w przeszłości
- znasz kogoś, znasz Renatę, znasz język polski
- znasz drogę (byłem tu wcześniej)
984
It's the same kind of distinction as in French, I think, mostly.
Nie wiesz = tu ne sais pas, nie znasz = tu ne connais pas
I like to think of the second one as "being familiar with."
Different grammatical cases, some forms are softened. See here: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/m%C4%99%C5%BCczyzna#Declension