"Women like colorful umbrellas."

Translation: Kobiety lubią kolorowe parasole.

[greyxray]

why kolorowE?

[mihxal]

In plural nouns and also adjectives which describe them are splitted into two categories masculine-personal (masculine nouns which name people) and non-masculine-personal (feminine, neuter and masculine nouns which don't name people - things and animals) "Parasol" (singular) is masculine but it is a thing so in plural it is non-masculine-personal. Moreover it is used in Accusative.

So the adjective "kolorowy" has to agree with a non-masculine-personal noun used in Accustaive case. Therefore you have to know the pattern in which adjective "kolorowy" is declined. Click on the text "decension of kolorowy" and then check plural -> other -> Accusative: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kolorowy

[greyxray]

Thanks! This will really come in handy!

[immery]

umbrellas - plural
parasol ->parasole (plural not masculine or personal)
like-> lubią + Accusative
kolorowy -> plural non personal accusative -> kolorowe

[vytah]

Standard ending for adjectives in non-masculine-personal plural nominative/accusative/vocative.

Full ending table here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_grammar#Adjectives

[Galois33]

Why can you also have 'Kobiety lubią kolorowe parasolki'? Where do we get parasolki from?

[Jellei]

"parasol" and "parasolka" may be synonyms, although they don't have to.

"parasol" is a basic word for both an umbrella and a parasol (this one actually makes more sense etymologically), "parasolka" is definitely an umbrella, in theory it's a smaller one, rather for women. I personally wouldn't care for the last part, I am alright with the idea of carrying "parasolka" myself.

[Kristine466318]

Parasolka is a feminine word for a parasol, it may be smaller and it's a softer, gentler word. Polish people often like to use 'child speech' and say 'chlebek' instead of 'chleb' - bread, 'masełko' instead of 'masło' - butter, etc. This way of speaking is a little annoying but unfortunately extremely common.

[Spedi880]

Does the word parasol come from Italian? We have the same word

[Jellei]

Yes, it does.

[DanielDabrowski]

Thanks to Marco Polo and a Italian Queen of Poland (which I don't remember her name) there's was a huge Italian influence in Poland...

[Kristine466318]

I think she was called Queen Bona = Królowa Bona. She is also "blamed" for introducing some vegetables to Poland, and so some of them have names coming from Italian, like e.g. pomidor from pomodoro (and not tomato).

[Tygrys_kotem]

Why parasole and not parasoly? Or can one assume that for most (all?) words ending with -l that the plural (at least nominative and accusative) would end in -e? Similar to how words with -k or -g would end in -i for plurals?

[Kristine466318]

I am not sure what gave you the idea of the "ly" ending. I am trying to remember some words with -l ending and they all form plural (nominative and accusative) ending -le. Like eg. mol --> mole (moth), sól --> sole (salt), bal --> bale (ball), ból --> bóle (pain).

The words ending in "ł" would definitely be changeing into -ły (not ly). So you have stół --> stoły (table), dół --> doły (bottom, hole), wół --> woły (ox). Nothing else comes to my mind right now, I'll let you know if I have a second thought.

[Tim62192]

I thought word order was fairly flexible but "Kobiety lubią parasole kolorowe" was marked as incorrect. Does it change the meaning at all or does it just sound strange?

[Kristine466318]

It sounds a little strange. Just because in Polish adjectives go mostly before the nouns unless they are categorizing adjectives. So, in this particular example "parasole kolorowe" would be a category of umbrellas (colorful, not plain) and "kolorowe parasole" are just colorful umbrellas.