"Saith buwch ac wyth dafad."

Translation: Seven cows and eight sheep.

[pablopublico]

Buwch comes from Proto-Celtic *bowkkā, from *bōws ("ox"), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws ("cattle"), also the source of Welsh bugail ("shepherd, pastor"), Irish buchaill ("boy"), English cow, Latin bōs ("cow, bull or ox", whence Spanish buey ["ox"] and English bovine and beef), Ancient Greek βουκόλος (boukólos, “cowherd”, whence bucolic), Latvian govs ("cattle; cow"), Russian говя́дина (govjádina, "beef"), Armenian կով (kov, “cow”), Persian گاو‎ (gāv, "cow") and Sanskrit गो (go, "cow", whence गोविन्द [govinda, "cowherd; epithet of Krishna"] and Hindustani गाय/گائے‎ [gāy, "cow"]).

[leadchipmunk]

Does buwch specifically refer to female cows and not male bulls? Or does it mean the non-gendered cattle?

[deactivated user]

Does buwch specifically refer to female cows and not male bulls?

Yes.
buwch = cow
tarw = bull
gwartheg = cattle as SaraGalesa has pointed out.

[susandavies]

Felly, saith buwch, ond yr buchod?

[ibisc]

For 'seven cows', yes. But y buchod for 'the cows'.

See the course notes (look for the sticky discussion on hints and tips at https://www.duolingo.com/topic/924/hot) which explain that Welsh uses a singular noun when it directly follows a number.

[Gwiwel]

Does "ac" mean "and" in " Saith buwch ac wyth dafad" or is that a typo?

[ibisc]

a (and) becomes ac before words beginning with a vowel (and also in front of a few other words).