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The English translations are often in 'bad' English de + o = do de is a prepostion. It means something similar to 'of'. the verb 'gostar' always goes with 'de.' 'O' means 'the'. Together you get 'do'
i don't understand why does it mean the boy likes THE wolf and not the boy likes wolf
Because that, I suppose, would be "gosta de lobo". Here, as it says in an earlier comment, it is do, which is de+o.
Why is this not just "O menino gosta o lobo"? Doesn't this translate to "The boy likes the wolf"?
The correct grammar is "O menino gosta de o lobo" Instead of saying "de o", you can say 'do'. Remember that gosta (like) is always followed by 'de' in some form.
I was about to not be out of hearts until I accidentally put wolve instead of wolf
so far we haven't been taught the plural of wolf... and saying "the boy likes wolf" sounds like he likes wolf meat :P
Well, do is de + o. If you want to say "She likes wolf" it is "Ela gosta de lobo". But for "She likes the wolf" you need the article "o" for "the", thus "Ela gosta do (=de+o) lobo."
