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Slow Finnish - Chapter 11f - Aurinko paistaa
Ilmansuunnat - The compass points
You need the inessive with the compass points when translating the preposition in.
- pohjoisessa in the North
- idässä in the East
- etelässä in the South
- lännessä in the West
- koillisessa in the North-East
- kaakossa in the South-East
- lounaassa in the South-West
- luoteessa in the North-West
You can use the compass points as prefixes. Notice that pohjoinen changes into pohjois-. Normally, the compass points are written with the first letter in the lower case. However, when a prefix is added to a name it is written with the first letter in the upper case. You also need a hyphen with names.
- Pohjois-Suomi
- Itä-Ruotsi
- Länsi-Venäjä
- Etelä-Espanja
- pohjoisrannikko
Harjoitus 1
Käännä englanniksi. - Translate into English.
- Asun Itä-Helsingissä.
- Olet lomalla Pohjois-Italiassa.
- Etelä-Lontoossa on paljon autoja.
- Emme opiskele Länsi-Berliinissä vaan Itä-Berliinissä.
- Pohjois-Afrikassa on paljon ihmisiä.
- Pohjoisessa sataa lunta.
- Etelässä on tänään kaunis ilma.
- Koillisessa sataa räntää.
- Kaakossa on 5 astetta pakkasta.
- Lounais-Suomessa on 10 astetta lämmintä.
- Luoteessa paistaa aurinko.
- Matalapaineen alue saapuu idästä Suomeen.
- Korkeapaineen alue saapuu lännestä Ruotsiin.
- Ajokeli on liukas Pohjois-Kanadassa.
- Ylihuomenna Itä-Virossa on kylmä ilma.
- Etelä-Ranskassa on aurinkoista.
- Huomenna etelärannikolla on tuulista.
- Tänään itärannikolla on sumuista.
- asuva someone who lives in some place
- piti liked
- positiivinen positive
- ajatus thought (noun)
- aina always
- ajatteli thought (verb)
- parhain päin in the best possible way
- enemmän more
- negatiivinen negative
- Niin minäkin. Me too.
- harmi vain että pity that
- niin so
- masentava depressing
Let me know what you thought about the lesson. Here is a link to the previous lessons.
Hei!
16 Comments
VASTAUKSET
Harjoitus 1
- I live in eastern Helsinki.
- You are on holiday in northern Italy.
- There are lots of cars in southern London.
- We do not study in West Berlin but in East Berlin.
- There are lots of people in North Africa.
- It is snowing in the North.
- The weather is beautiful in the South today.
- It is sleeting in the North-East.
- It is -5 centigrade in the South-East.
- It is +10 centigrade in south-western Finland.
- The sun is shining in the North-West.
- Low-pressure area arrives from the East to Finland.
- High-pressure area arrives from West to Sweden.
- The driving conditions are slippery in northern Canada.
- The day after tomorrow it will be cold in eastern Estonia.
- It is sunny in southern France.
- Tomorrow it will be windy on the southern coast.
- Today it is foggy on the eastern coast.
245
I like it that you have names for eight directions, not just four. Not that I can remember them yet. :) I only vaguely remember the main four plus south-west, because that's where you go when you want lunch. :)
Also, thanks for including a comic strip in every lesson.
At least -nen ->; -s is very common when turning words into compound stems (if that's the right word): koillinen ->; koillis-, hyttynen ->; hyttys-, ihminen ->; ihmis-. The other väli-ilmansuunnat (the mid-points) seem more unusual: kaakko ->; kaakkois-, luode ->; luoteis-, lounas ->; lounais- (only the compass point).
- 2448
Emme opiskele Länsi-Berliinissä vaan Itä-Berliinissä How about Emme opiskele Länsi- vaan Itä-Berliinissä? Is this also possible with words without a hypen, for example Ei ole tuulista länsi- vaan etelärannikolla?
Your Berlin sentence is perfect. This is indeed not only possible with words with a hyphen as well as compound words but even recommendable. Your other sentence is not very elegant. You cannot start a sentence with an expression of weather when there is an expression of place in it. The place has to go first. Using vaan at the beginning of a sentence sounds strange, so you have to go through some linguistic somersaults here: Länsirannikolla ei ole tuulista, mutta etelärannikolla on. Compound words can be split though. Niin länsi- kuin etelärannikolla on tuulista. = It is windy on both the west and south coast. :)
- 2448
Kiitos! :D Is there some word order for time expressions in weather-sentences as well? I assume that with these simple sentences it works like the place, so Tänään on tuulista is the only option, but I noticed that you usually put huomenna and so on between sataa and lunta/rakeita/etc., is it a rule or just style? :)
Expressions of time are placed in the beginning when there is no expression of place in the sentence: Huomenna sataa lunta. If there is an expression of place in the sentence, it goes before the verb and the expression of time usually precedes the object: Helsingissä sataa huomenna lunta. It is, however, possible to place the expression of time before the expression of place if you wish to emphasise it: Huomenna Helsingissä sataa lunta. :)
