"Mój dziadek szuka lampy."
Translation:My grandfather is looking for a lamp.
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That is the problem with not having articles.
If he's looking for "the lamp" then I'd assume that the lamp is hidden. If he's looking for "a lamp" then I'd assume he was at a store.
It is safe to say that rules for "all" anything in Polish language are rare.
Feminine nouns end in singular genitive with -i or -y. That is also true for -a ending masculine nouns.
you can take a look on this table https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Aneks:Język_polski_-_deklinacja.
masculine nouns end with -a, -u, neuter nouns end with -a
Also neuter and feminine nouns often have singular genitive=plural nominative. (Lampy)
You should think of things in terms of declensions not genders. This way you will see that most polish nouns are, in fact, regular https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_morphology#Nouns
buy= kupować according to WSJP.pl comes form protoslavic psł. *kupovati
I cannot find etymology for szukać.
If you look under kupić, though, you can find a derivation from Germanic kaupōn/kaupjan. So it is indeed related to Dutch kopen, German kaufen, and even English "cheap." These in turn come from Latin caupo, "shopkeeper."
Szukać has a less certain etymology, but according to the dictionary, the usual explanation is indeed that it was also borrowed from Germanic: East Germanic (Gothic) suochen.