"I still do not know why he says this."
Translation:אני עדיין לא יודע למה הוא אומר את זה.
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I don't think so: אני עדיין לא יודע למה הוא אוכל תפוח, אני עדיין לא יודע למה הוא אוכל את התפוח. Neither can have ש.
It seems to me (off my sleeve, maybe I'm wrong) that if the question word is subordinate to a verb such as "know", "say", "think" etc., they don't take ש. For example, אני יודע איפה הכלב שוכב vs. השמיכה נמצאת איפה שהכלב שוכב. Which is confusing, because if the phrase subordinate to "know", "say", "think" does not begin with a question word, it does require ש! For example, אני יודע שהכלב נמצא שם.
121
Think of it this way: ש means "that". The sentence "אני עדיין לא יודע למה שהוא אומר את זה" would be translated to "I do'nt know why that he says that"
1258
Well, you also don't say "Still I don't know...". Why would you switch them in Hebrew, then?
531
Well, how about "Still, I don't know..."? I can imagine that. And, of course, the word order in English does not imply anything for Hebrew... So, is there some better explanation, e.g. "that's simply a rule"? ;)
769
I am getting confused. Is זה a definite direct object in the sentence? Is this why it is אומר את זה rather than just אומר זה?
1258
The masculine is the default answer. You must have made another mistake that you didn't notice.