"A lányok visszatérnek az étterembe és visszaülnek az asztalhoz."
Translation:The girls return to the restaurant and sit back at the table.
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"sit back to the table" would not be acceptable in the English I learned, and "sit back at the table" sounds wrong to me as well - "sit back down at the table" is what I would say or, if you are not talking about the movement towards the sitting position but about the resulting sitting position, "sit at the table again".
Correct. When I read “sit back,” I imagine somebody reclining from an already seated position. Manifestly not the Hungarian meaning here.
Though were I to read “sit back down,” I’d be tempted try something like “visszaleülnek” to accommodate the English “down.” Alas, translation is sometimes as much art as science.
FWIW I think I’d vote for “sit at the table again” suggested above or “sit again at the table.”
1021
The problem I see is that ‘back’ is more a preposition than an adverb in English. This can be distinguished by intonation but doesn’t come across in writing without word choice and order. I’d second your “sit again at the table.” Or it'd have to be something like "{are/go/come} back to sit at the table."
1368
Not a lot of difference. Visszatér is a more general "to return", and visszajön is "to come back", i.e. spoken from the viewpoint of the place they are returning to. If you're outside of the restaurant and watch the scene, you cannot say visszajön, but can still say visszatér. Or visszamegy in this case.
2437
The English is all wrong, we would say "... to the restaurant .... sit back at the table .." You can't sit "to" a table.