"המורֶה כותב משפטים ביוונית."
Translation:The teacher writes sentences in Greek.
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In Jewish schools, mainly English, and later, in junior high or high school, usually Arabic, or sometimes a selection between Arabic and French, and I think in some schools it's neither, just English. In Arabic schools, Hebrew and English and I'm not sure what other languages.
In addition to what AlmogL said, some schools have Russian, Spanish, Mandarin, and even Amharic, but it's usually just Arabic and English.
AlmogL is right, although I’ve never heard of schools teaching anything other than French, Russian, or Spanish, the last one because of the popularity of Argentinian teen dramas and telenovelas (well, maybe Chinese but that’s a very recent development). However, many students who are forced to choose Arabic find someone to diagnose them with (read: accept a bribe to say they have) some kind of learning disability or whatever to get exempted. When I was in school I was outright told by those students they didn’t want to learn ‘a language of terrorists’.
הוּא כְבָר לֹא צָרִיךְ. בִּשְׁבִיל זֶה יַשׁ קוּרְס בְּדוּאוֹלִינְגּוֹ.
This may be true for English, but in Hebrew מִשְׁפָּטִים יְוָנִיִּים sounds like sentences made in Greek or by Greeks, maybe some famous aphorisms of some ancient guys from there, like in אף פעם לא אהבתי פילוסופיה של משפטים יוניים. Without context I would read Greek trials too. Maybe I am wrong in this, but at the least using ב is the usual way of expressing, in what language something is written.
No, a מִשְׁפָּט is a complete sentence, originally the sentence passed by a judge; a phrase is more of a צֵרוּף־לָשׁוֹן, a "language combination", i.e. an idiomatic group of words.
Well, when you combine יְוָנִית Greek language) with the preposition בְּ־, their vowels coalesce to בִּיוָנִית, i.e the Jodh represents no longer a consonant, but a vowel.
Well, בִּיוָנִית is rather high-brow (well, and the Masoretic model), spontaneous language of the street would never use the fused vowel.
The Wikipedia shva article mentions that if you add the prefix ב (bet with with a shva is pronounced be) to a word beginning with a voiced shva, then the voiced shva does not disappear in non-standard usage.
So in non-standard usage:
be-yevanit.
Well, there you have the Ἴωνες who lived in Ἴωνία Ionia. English on the other hand uses the Latin Graecii.