"Ezek a kígyók csíkosak, azok pedig foltosak."
Translation:These snakes are striped, and those are spotted.
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484
'those ones' is not standard (formal) English. Standard is just 'those'. In other words, 'those' can be a pronoun as well as an adjective/determiner.
For example, compare:
1. Those ones over there are on sale.
2. Those over there are on sale.
You will hear 1 from time to time, but 2 is what is taught to and used by most speakers most of the time.
1010
Lexico's entry has five examples with "ones" as a pronoun to refer to things, and fifteen with "ones" to refer to people. ( https://www.lexico.com/definition/one ) It is standard, not even colloquial. It may not be a good translation though, as it clarifies that they are also snakes rather than something else. I suspect the Hungarian does not do this . . .
1171
why is pedig used here? Isn't pedig used for opposition or contradiction and exclusion. I mean english sentence with but seems a bit clunky to me, that is not a way to use but (or but is not the word i would put here)
484
I think 'whereas' works well here as a translation for 'pedig'. In any case, there is certainly nothing wrong with or weird about 'pedig' in the Hungarian sentence!
2472
One primary use of 'but" is to introduce contrasting sentences. See 1st definition here: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/but
Animals are usually "foltos": salamanders, cows, some cats... So foltos means uneven spots that is more likely to happen in nature. If a dress is foltos, it has some stains on it.
Pöttyös: a ball, a dress, a mug... In case of a pöttyös dress, think of polka dots. So here we have more regular, organized, man-made dots.