"János nem otthon született."
Translation:János was not born at home.
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Verb conjugation:
születtem (I was born)
születtél (you were born)
született (he/she/it was born)
születtünk (we were born)
születtetek (you were born)
születtek (they were born)
That it’s not ‘szültet’ even though that’s what the Tips & Notes implied.
Oh, I see. Well, the verb is szület (to be born), & I think you never lose vowel through conjugation of verbs (if someone knows of a counterexample, please tell me.) So you need to put the -t of the past tense to szület, but you have to inject a connecting vowel here (-e-, in this case.) The -t of the past tense becomes -tt before vowels, so what you get is született.
Forog, forgott. I think the reason for these may be that there is a deeper root of the word. Here, "for-". The root is not a word in itself (maybe it never was), we can only see it from other derivatives, like "fordul", etc. So, "-og" is some kind of suffix that we can see in other words, as well.
"Fürödni" is a bit tricky because it also exists in the "fürdeni" form, so it could be argued that various forms are used for various persons. I am not sure. It is also an "-ik" verb, which is tricky enough.
With "születni", if we left out the "e", there would be too many "t" sounds in one group. Plus, it would be too close to some conjugated form of "szülni". And, anyway, the "-at"/"-et" suffixes probably never lose their vowels.
I think dropping vowels is more of an exception. Those are the special ones.
For forog, that's the weird -ox ending turning to -x, see farok → farkak/farkat/farkam. It's weird to me since I've not fully grasped why.
fürödsz / fürdik loses a vowel. (Or gains one, depending on how you look at it.)
You're right, thank you very much. Well, then I can't explain why szület doesn't lose that "E", but it doesn't.
I figure that that liquid consonant - the letter "L" - does not want to get lost in the following "T"
Anyway, as vvsey said, they are the exceptions. I think "fürödni/fürdeni" is pretty much considered an irregular verb overall. Similarly, I think verbs that end with -g are a pretty definite and special set of verbs, similar both phonemically and regarding their meanings/aspects. I'm thinking of mozog, görög, hörög, morog and so on - still, kocog, robog, ropog etc. override this by the phonemical rule that stops can't get next to each other so kocogott and robogott.
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... the -t of the past tense becomes -tt before vowels, so what you get is született. you mean after vowels?
Ok. I laughed. The way you said that sounds arrogant. When you tell someone i dont know what your problem is. It usually means youre telling them to back off in a sense of an arguement
Duolingo seems a bit conflicted on this issue, but generally there's a stance that it doesn't name sense to translate personal names.
Yes, Russian Дженни have been translated to Jenny rather than something closer to the pronunciation.
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Technically Дженни itself is just a spelled in Russian pronunciation of an American name: there’s no such name in Russian
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Question about otthon. I've read lots of comments about when to use it. I have rarely seen itthon. Am I safe to assume learners can use "otthon" to avoid over analyzing things?
In the sense that you can just use "otthon" instead of "itthon" and it will still be good enough? I don't think so.
In the sense that you can be lucky enough to not get into situations where you need "itthon"? Yes, perhaps.
This is the regular way. The suffix of past tense is -t or -tt. In standard Hungarian, when you have t as the ultimate sound of the verb stem, you have to use the -tt version with the help of a linking vowel.
Születtet doesn't match this rule, however, it can be seen as a weird causative for "születik", so it could be an odd verb meaning "make (someone, something) born".