25 Comments
"another persons" is not correct English. ("another" is always followed by a singular noun). But "other persons" was accepted in one of my previous exercises.
So, Im getting that "to" with plural means they, whereas ti/ty/ty/ta means those. Is that why osoby is used here instead of lidé?
So would "To osoby jsou jiné." work for "Those people are different."? Hmmm, I guess it would be Ty osoby jsou jiné
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You cannot say "To osoby jsou jiné" You can use "Ty osoby jsou jiné" and translation is "Those people are different". But in this exercise is "Jsou to jiné osoby" = "They are different people".
is to required because of the adjective? I thought it was acting as "the" here, but that got marked wrong.
No, "to" is a part of the phrase "je to/to je" ("jsou to/to jsou" for plural), which was used in the sentence above (in plural). It is used to identify people/things/etc.
If you stripped the sentence completely, you could say "Jsou to osoby./To jsou osoby." like you'd say "Jsou to muži. To jsou muži. Jsou to ženy. To jsou ženy." The "to" does not change with gender, you only adjust the verb to match in singular/plural. For singular, you'd say "To je muž. To je žena. To je osoba. To je jiná osoba." If you wanted to specify "the different people", you'd say "To jsou ty jiné osoby./Jsou to ty jiné osoby."
I'm afraid not. The Italian "C'è" matches with the English "there is/are" or the French "il y a" or (more or less) the German "es gibt". It does not have a match in Slavic languages.
This "to je/jsou" corresponds with the German "das ist/sind" or the French "c'est/ce sont". In Italian I would simply use È/Sono. In this case: Jsou to jiné osoby=Sono altre/differente persone.
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This is the first time I've seen "to" being used with "jsou". Is it wrong to construct the sentence without it? Someone could ask "Jsi žena?" and I would reply "ne, nejsem žena", not "nejsem to žena" I don't get it. Is this something you just use with plural??
You're right. The last sentence (nejsem to žena) is incorrect. However, in your sentences, you're not using the phrase that I was talking about, the "to" has nothing to do there.
As you might have noticed the phrase "je to/jsou to" uses the verb conjugation for 3rd person (either singular "je" or plural "jsou"), but your sentences use verb conjugations for 1st and 2nd person. To help you identify the phrase, you could ask a question "What is it? (or equal question in plural)". Then the answer to this question would contain the phrase "je to/jsou to". "What is it? Co je to? - It is a dog. To je pes./They are dogs. To jsou psi."
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Remember to distinguish between 'to' as an adjective and 'to' as a pronoun. As a demonstrative adjective, 'to' can indeed mean 'the' or 'that'. But as a pronoun, as here, it means 'it' or 'they'.
As a pronoun, 'to' can be used with either a singular or a plural complement, so it can mean either English 'it (is)' or 'they (are)'. The Czech verb will tell you whether singular or plural is being used.
I don't understand why is "jsou to jine osoby" wrong, while the right answer is "Jsou to jiné osoby". I write "e" instead of "é" and "z" instead of "ž" etc. everywhere, but it's not wrong. And here it shows me wrong. why?
At a certain point in the course, one cannot be permitted any mistakes, not even "typographical errors". Here, specifically, diacritic (including accent) marks are part of morphology, thus, part of grammar, which is a system of rules.
It does not matter which one you use without context. Both options are correct. The difference is in emphasis (as you might already know - in a Czech sentence, you emphasize the first and the last word).
I wrote "There are different people" what's the difference in Czech between these and there?
