"The apple is food."
Translation:사과가 음식입니다.
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는 and 은 are topic particles. 이 and 가 are subject particles. 을 and 를 are object particles. At least that is my understanding.
(edit*) my apologies, i didnt see all my typos at once.
in korean, the subject marker ( 이/가 ) attaches to the actor noun in the sentence.
Then the topic marker ( 은/는 ) is used for a noun compared or described or for emphasizing its quality.
In English, the topic is the primary idea of the sentence or a paragraph. In English, there is no grammatical marker for a topic word.
*The object noun will have ( 을/를 ) particle.
.....
Also I think the confusion for me as an English speaker comes from several ideas in English.
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Subject = Topic or main thought of a sentence, discussion, paragraph, or seminar.
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Subject = main actor in a sentence.
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Object = the thing being acted on.
Topic particles in Korean have multiple distinctly different uses. English requires so many more words to achieve those different meanings.
As for terminology for each language, I want to see and learn the Korean terms if they are unique to Korean such as its particles.
Likewise from English: The Korean "particles" we have studied so far are added to the end of words are listed as "markers". In English, they are called "suffixes".
가 is used after a vowel and 이 is used after a consonant. Examples 남자가 for vowel, 빵이 for consonant.
Correct me if I'm wrong but as I understand in english before the subject particle we use the and before topic particle we use a/an.
Something like, a topic is something you are talking about or going to talk about. They are marked with 은/는. It gives context/background to the conversation. But once you have mentioned the topic, you don't have to keep mentioning it. So you don't have to keep adding 은/는, or mentioning the topic.
"저는 ..." is like "as for me ..." and you would continue talking about yourself, but you don't have to keep saying "I/me".
A subject, I think of as sonething you want to identify. Like who, what, which one etc. "제가 ..." is like "it is none other than me..."
"WHO is the best?" "제가요." (It's me.)
That was my understanding, please correct me if I'm wrong.
in korean, the subject marker ( 이/가 ) attaches to the actor noun in the sentence.
Then the topic marker ( 은/는 ) is used for a noun compared or described or for emphasizing its quality.
In English, the topic is the primary idea of the sentence or a paragraph. In English, there is no grammatical marker for a topic word.
*The object noun will have ( 을/를 ) particle.
.....
Also I think the confusion for me as an English speaker comes from several ideas in English.
Subject = Topic or main thought of a sentence, discussion, paragraph, or seminar.
Subject = main actor in a sentence.
Object = the thing being acted on.
Topic particles in Korean have multiple distinctly different uses. English requires so many more words to achieve those different meanings.
As for terminology for each language, I want to see and learn the Korean terms if they are unique to Korean such as its particles.
Likewise from English: The Korean "particles" we have studied so far are added to the end of words are listed as "markers". In English, they are called "suffixes".
은 and 는 are topic markers, you use 은 if the word before ends with a consonant while u use 는 when the word before ends w a vowel
I am really confused with this topic and subject thing, because whenever I think something is a topic, it is actually a subject. If anyone could help in this one. So the sentence doesn`t always have to be a subject and a topic? I never know how to itendify each other,
If 사과 is Apple, how do you say "apple and"? Google translate turns the phrase from 사과 --> 애플과. Or does it just become 사과와?
It is '사과와'. But I was taking some Korean lessons in my city (Korean school) and It'll start again soon. There we were saying eg. '사과하고' so I think both can be used.
as I remember, 사과와 and 사과하고 are the same. but -하고 is used in their speaking and -와 in their writing.
someone correct me if I'm wrong
Also another difference is that i think 와/과 is used with nouns whereas 하고 can be used for BOTH nouns and verb stems
They're both interchangeable depending on context. So without context, neither is wrong
So basically, 입니다 is saying "it is"? Or if somebody could better explain it would be great
yes :) it comes from the verb 이다 which means to be. 입니다 is just a politer way of saying it
So in this sentence the subject is an apple. But if we continue talking about apples it will be 는? So it depends on the context?
Could i just take a subject for example ,,물'' water , and just add '입니다' = is water ?????? Or other subjects
Basically, yes... if you were stating that "something IS something"... like 물입니다 = It is water.
as far as i know, a subject is a specific thing like your dog or the tree u'r standing next to; while topic is more general, such as any dog or all dogs in general, or trees in general, or a factual statement
It is "입니다". It's from the verb 이다, meaning to be. 입니다 is the polite and formal form, and it means "it is/they are" etc.
So 음식 (food) + 입니다 (it is) = 음식입니다 (it is food)
In addition, if you were speaking less formally (while still being respectful), you would say ....사과예요 or ...동물이에요
Can anyone tell me, how to write "and" after any word,,,, it's different in every word I saw
하고 Common in speaking 와 Common in writing, after a vowel 과 Common in writing, after a consonant
it confused me when it said 는 was in it, but i speak it anyways so it doesn't matter to me.
Why is apple considered a subject and not an object (the particle used for it) on this sentence?
Subject is what we are talking about and object is what the subject depends on .
Can someone tell me what is different between 사과가 and 사과는? because the meaning is same. I can't find any different here
I keep hearing "자와" instead of "사와" is this a Duolingo thing or those sounds tend to be similar?
How are the words in korean formed? And how do I exactly form a word from the alphabets?
It means "to be" when you're stating something IS something - it is, they are, etc. it comes from 이다 . 입니다 is just a formal / politer way of saying it
Okay now i am not getting this,can someone recommend some other plattform or other things where its easy to get things.
