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- "산은 공원에 있습니다."
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Break down the sentence and think of it like that:
산은 = 산 mountain + 은 topic marker = The mountain, as for the mountain
공원에 = 공원 park +에 place marker = In the park
있습니다 = there is, there exists
So, altogether it can be translated word by word as:
As for the mountain, in the park, there is.
Or, in better english = In the park there is a mountain/The mountain is in the park.
이 is for the topic (like "dogs" in "I like dogs"), instead 은 is for the subject (like "She" in "She likes dogs"). Also, it is 은 when the previous character ends in a consonant (like ㄴ in 산은), and 는 when it ends in a vowel (like 나는)
It's the other way around. 이/가 Is the subject marker. 은/는 is the topic marker.
Yes, 있습니다 is the formal and polite version. 있어요 is the informal and polite version.
Does the order matter? I noticed the nouns are usually beside each other. So if I were to switch them, would it change the meaning? Like ex: 산은 공원에 있습니다 to 공원에 산은 있습니다. (I’m a beginner and it’s kinda confusing)
1335
No, switching the order of the nouns does not change the meaning (except perhaps in what's being emphasized, not sure about that), as long as the appropriate particles (subject marker, topic marker, location marker) are put on the same nouns.
There is no distinction between singular and plural nouns in Korean, unless you list a quantity after it.
- 1335
Not quite. "There is a mountain in the park." would be acceptable. The indefinite article is typically required in English after "there is" for singular, countable nouns. (Not required for uncountable nouns like "mercy" or "ice", e.g., "there is ice on the mountain.")
"은" is a topic marker, often to indicate what someone is speaking about in a sentence, and as I've come to understand it, is a more inflexible particle used with nouns to often denote concrete emphasis on that noun (which makes sense when the similar form, "는", is used so much with "저는"; The definition of one's self rarely falters for many).
Whereas "이" is a subject marker, often indicating who/whom is doing what in a sentence. It also seems to be used more dependently of the topic/in dependence of the context of the sentence, but that's just my beginner's observation.
I hope this helped a little (I know this was a late reply, though XD).
I apologize if any of the information I gave was incorrect, as I am still a beginner myself.
I wish you success in your studies!
i answer it there is a park is on the mountain but i got wrong instead, could anyone explain it? thankss
안녕하세요!
I know this is a late reply, but since no one answered your question, I wanted to try and help the best that I could.
(I apologize ahead of time for any misleading information I may give: I am still a beginner myself, but I've always been an advocate of the phrase, "the best way to learn is to teach"! Regardless, please forgive any mistakes lol)
Real quick: none of the markers used denote anything is set "on" anything else, but rather, they denote existence.
The sentence, "산은 공원에 있습니다"/ "The mountain(s) is/are in the park", is using two particles ("은", and "에") attached to nouns, in combination with the verb ("있습니다" [that can also be used to create compound adjectives]) at the end, all of these which can again, depending on the context in which you're speaking/writing, imply existence-in this case, the location of the mountain(s) in this park.
In my understanding, "은" is often used when talking about specific things, (such as "the mountains are in the park"), instead of using "는", which-if I'm not mistaken-is often used to make a more general statement (e.g. "mountains are in parks").
(SIDE NOTE FOR ANYONE ELSE READING: I've come to understand that "은" and "는" are used as topic markers to denote the inflexibility or limit of the topic. By using them, you're saying, "regardless of anything else/in spite of the sparse options around, this is how it is"...or at least that's how I've come to comprehend their usage.)
"에" is how "의" can be read/pronounced, so with it being tacked on to the end of "공원", we might infer that the mountain(s) is/are "of" the park.
Also, since "있습니다" as a verb can be used as "to be", we might break down a somewhat literal translation of the sentence as:
"The mountain(s) exist of the park."
OR more simply:
"The mountain(s) is/are of the park."
From there, we might see how the sentence can then read,
"The mountain(s) is/are in the park."
I hope this helped a little! Sorry for the rambling; again, I apologize if any of the information I gave was incorrect in any way! XD
I wish you success in your studies!
- 118
Sorry , I don't have Korean keyboard, but I'm thinking "e" is a new particle or article behind "gongwon"( park)?
Korean is S-O-V.
subject-object-verb.
Mountain-park-exists (있다)
산은-공원에-있습니다 or... 산은-공원에-있어요 or... 산은-공원에-있어
은 or 는 subject particle 에 location particle (takes place of object particle?)
- This is how I understand it. Correct me if I'm wrong. Thx.
Shouldn't it be 산이? I think it would make more sense if it answers to the question: "Where is the mountain?"
- 131
for this 산은 공원에 있습니다. is there a specifiy word placement for this sentence, can i said 공원에 산은 있습니다 or both is ok?
is my sentence correct 여자는 반여 있습니다
I'm so confused, isn't this the negative form?? 산은 골윈에 있습니다 san eun issumnida is positive?
So how do you know when to use 있습니다 or just 습니다? In this sentence it uses 있습니가 to mean is, but in the sentence 'the bread is cold' (for example), 습니다 is used. I know 있습니가 is used to indicate location or existence. It is used in sentences like 'is popular', 'is meaningful', 'is interesting', 'is in'. And 습니다 is used in sentences like 'is bad', 'is good', 'is long', 'is cheap'. But i don't know how 'interetsing' is different than 'good' for example.
It's a matter of using ~습니다 vs ~ㅂ니다. Depending on what the last letter of verb stem is, not because of specific words like "bad" or "good". To add the ending ~습니다 or ~ㅂ니다 look at the verb, remove 다, and add ~습니다 if last letter is consonant. Add ~ㅂ니다 if last letter is a vowel.
있습니다 is the formal polite form of the verb 있다 meaning "to exist/have/be". ~습니다 is formal polite ending added to a verb stem that ends in a consonant. For example: 있다 = verb 있 = verb stem -> add formal polite ending for consonant ~습니다 -> 있습니다
~ㅂ니다 is the formal polite ending added when the verb stem ends in a vowel. Example: 아니다 = verb 아니 = verb stem -> add formal polite ending for vowels ~ㅂ니다 -> 아닙니다
춥다 = cold. 춥 = verb stem -> add formal polite ending for consonants ~습니다 -> 춥습니다.
It corrected me and said "The mountains are in the park." Is this plural?
One other person said this already, but unless Duolingo is only intending to use plurals when "들" is indicated, this sentence could be referring either to a singular or multiple mountains. I would say it should accept either answer, as "들" isn't always used, even when the subject is plural.
Just report to the Duolingo using flag symbol to make them know that they made a wrong sentence
What would it be if it said the mountainS in the park. As in multiple mountains?
Most likely the same exact thing, plurality is usually mentioned in context and less with the particle 들. Though if you REALLY want to make the plurality obvious, add a number before 산.
My solution was "Mountains are in the park", it corrected it to: "A mountains are in the park". Explain pls...
It said i was wrong after i typed "Mountains are in the park" and then the translation said "A mountains are in the park" - um, that's not proper English... "THE mountains..." would be correct
The sentence you provided is grammatically incorrect. It would be "There is a mountain in the park" - which should be accepted!
I got it wrong bcs i didn't understand what they mean.
And a MOUNTAIN in a PARK?!?!Wth
Maybe I can help? I know this a super late reply, but if this question still stumps you I can try and be of assistance =)
I think I should have gotten it right on accident I put "parj" instead of "park"
I still think the English sentence is wrong. How can A bigger place be inside a smaller place? "The mountain (is inside the park?) is in the park. Shouldn't it be "The park is inside the mountain?" It's like saying that a mansion can fit inside the bathroom instead of the bathroom is inside the mansion, am I not correct?
You are assuming that the park is smaller than the mountain, but a park doesn't have to be small. In this case, the park is bigger than the mountain.
"There is mountains in the park" is grammatically incorrect. The correct grammar would be "There are mountains in the park."
Who the ❤❤❤❤ did this course? It's horrible. Download Lingodeer if you want a really good korean corse.
I think it should be "there is a park in the mountain" from i know that, when you translate korean to english it should be in reverse.
Incorrect.
산은 공원에 있습니다
산은 Mountain
공원에 At the Park (공원 = Park, 에 = Location marking particle)
있습니다 = There is.
Put it all together: There is a mountain at the park. Or: There is a mountain in the park.
Jirisan National Park has many mountains in it, uncluding one of the tallest peaks in Korea.
