"Ty stroje jsou nové!"
Translation:The machines are new!
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that = ten (m), ta (f), to (n); just notice that the sentence above is in plural, so you can't use "that", but "those" = ti (m an.), ty (m ina.), ty (f), ta (n); stroj is masculine inanimate, so in plural you get - ty stroje
Is there any strong indicators in a sentence that makes it obvious when ta(f) or ta(n) Is being used?
jsou is plural and stroje too, you must look for the forms of these in a given sentence.
Could this also be: 1 Those machines are new (was given as correct) or 2 Your machines are new (Ty also means you, doesn't it?)
1) Yes, that's a valid translation. 2) The second sentence means something else. The personal pronoun "ty" means "you" (you've said that correctly), but in the second sentence you need a possessive "your" (tvůj) and use it in the correct form (tvoje - plural number, masculine inanimate gender, nominative case); ie. the same number/gender/case as the subject (stroje).
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