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- "이 병과 그 병은 달라요."
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다르다 → 달라
This is a pattern with -르다 verbs. The syllable before 르 must not end with a consonant. Then when appending 아/어/여 to the stem, the ㄹ is doubled.
- 다르+아 (add 아)
- 다+ㄹ+라 (contraction with 아 triggers ㄹ-doubling)
- 달라
The pattern has exceptions such as:
- 따르다 → 따라 (follow/pour)
- 푸르다 → 푸르러 (blue~green)
- 누르다 → 눌러 (press) or 누르러 (golden yellow)
The irregular verbs could be mentally notated as -ᄙᅳ다 (putting the double ㄹs there at the outset) instead to make it easier; you have to learn the morphology anyway, so give it a mental representation. Then the steps in you head would be:
- 다ᄙᅳ+아
- 다ᄙᅡ (obligatory contraction with 아)
- 달라 (obligatory separation of the ㄹs)
Much easier on your brain!
Beware of similarities in the -ㅏ/-ㅓ form:
- 달리다 → 달려 (run/hang/weigh)
- 다르다 → 달라 (be different)
- 따르다 → 따라 (follow/pour)
- 달다 → 달아 (become hot/be sweet/&c.)
- 닫다 → 달아 (run)
- 닫다 → 닫아 (close)
- 따다 → 따 (pick out/win [prize]/get/receive)
- 땋다 → 땋아 (braid [hair])
Each verb/adjective’s pronunciation may be confused with its neighbor above and/or below in one form or another. Also beware of similarities in the ㅂ니다/습니다 form:
- 다르다 → 다릅니다 (be different)
- 따르다 → 따릅니다 (follow/pour)
- 달다 → 답니다 (become hot/be sweet/&c.)
- 따다 → 땁니다 (pick out/win [prize]/get/receive)
- 닫다 → 닫습니다 (run/close)
- 땋다 → 땋습니다 (braid [hair])
865
Oh wow I'm not sure how I didn't connect that before! Sometimes you get so used to a word in Korean you don't notice something obvious until someone points it out to you.
845
My answer was marked incorrect. It was: "This illness is different from that illness." Can someone explain to me why this would be incorrect?
Why don't you accept illness? Just asking.
As I see it, you are nitpicking about English words whereas once you've understood the Korean reasonably well you should keep going and concentrate on mastering more Korean grammar concepts.
There's a lot to be learnt I can assure you, without having to distract ourselves with the similarities and distinctions between illness, sickness, disease, pestilence, disorders, infections, ailments, affliction, malady, infirmity, etc etc etc.
Regards.
Use 와 after vowels (ㅏ, ㅐ, ㅑ, ㅒ, ㅓ, ㅔ, ㅕ, ㅖ, ㅗ, ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅢ, and ㅣ) and 과 after consonants (ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, and ㅎ).
Examples:
- 나와의 첫 만남 (first meeting with me)
- 배와 사과 (pears and apples)
- 애와 보내는 시간 (passing time with the child)
- 너와 살고 싶기 (wanting to live with you)
- 뼈와 요리 (cooking with bones)
- 예쁜 코와 예쁜 눈을 (pretty nose and pretty eyes)
- 소금물에 무와 당근을 넣기 (adding radishes and carrots to salt water)
- 나의 귀와 눈 (my eyes and ears)
- 그와 함께 있는 순간 (a moment together with him)
- 비와 눈과 우박 (rain and snow and hail)
- 피와 땀 (blood and sweat)
- 칼과 총을 숨기 (hiding knives and guns)
- 잃어버린 꿈과 희망 (lost hopes and dreams)
- 따뜻한 맘과 아름다운 미소를 (warm heart and beautiful smile)
- 붉은 뺨과 빨간 입술 (rosy cheeks and red lips)
- 땅과 바다 (land and sea)
- 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅 (land flowing with milk and honey)
- 예쁜 꽃과 나무 (pretty flowers and trees)
- 빛과 어둠의 대조 (the contrast between light and dark)
- 닭과 함께 사는 여우 (a fox living together with a chicken)
- 삶과 죽음 (life and death)
- 높은 음식 값과 세금 (high food prices and taxes)
- 하늘과 땅 만큼의 차이 (the difference between heaven and earth)
- 사랑과 미움의 차이 (the difference between love and hate)
- 예전 것과 비교 (comparison with before)
- 사람과 관계 (a relationship with someone)