"한국에서는 집에서 신발을 신으면 안 돼요."
Translation:You cannot wear shoes in the house in Korea.
87 CommentsThis discussion is locked.
In the notes it explains that "X면 안 돼요" and "X면 돼요" mean respectively that "doing X is not okay" or "is okay". It can also be translated as "its okay/its not okay", "its allowed/ its not allowed", "you should/ you shouldn't", "you can/you cannot", or "you may/you may not". Although it is not imperative, so it shouldn't be translated as "Do not do X".
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The pattern for if/when/whenever/once is: Adjective/Verb +(으)면.
When the Adjective/Verb stem ends in a consonant (but not ‘ㄹ’) then you should use + "으면".
Use +면 with Adjective/Verb stem ending in vowel or ‘ㄹ’.
So as Yoshi.5 pointed out 신(다) ends in "ㄴ"(n-sound), a consonant, "으면" is used. Hence, 신-으면.
You add 는 to emphasize on the noun. So, if you literally translate this sentence into English it would be, "As for Korea, you cannot wear shoes in the house." There are two usages of 는. First as a topic marker and second as to compare or to generalise something. Here you are saying, "As for Korea (regardless of what rule is in other countries), you cannot wear shoes". So you are just stating a general statement. I hope this explanation helps:)
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Yeah, you get yelled at if you are familiar to the person owning the house. You'll get politely asked to take them off if you are some kind of honored guest. And to top it off, there are floor drains in a lot of the bathrooms, so sometimes the bathroom floors are wet. So there are "common" rubber slippers in a lot of bathrooms for you to put on so you don't get your socks wet. Oddly enough, it's not polite to go barefoot in someone else's house either. So if you're a girl used to wearing heels barefoot you either don't or bring socks or hope they have some closed toe slippers for you wherever you're going. And there are certain restaurants where you sit on the floor (and therefore you take your shoe off ... you see the same here in the States in Japanese restaurants). And, strangely, sitting on the floor is considered a more formal dining experience than on chairs. And in Korea that is the main reason you don't wear shoes indoors ... you end up sitting and many time sleeping on the floor.
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It's because Korea has the topic marker and the sentence you suggested wouldn't have the emphasis on Korea.
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This is from McPwny's response to another similar comment:
되다 is complicated because it has a lot of usages, in this one though (으)면 안 되다 is a set phrase just meaning "one should/must not"
(으)면 되다 is the opposite, and suggests someone should/can
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Why is it 한국에서는 and not just 한국에서? Is the 는 a modifier in this case or...? someone please elaborate :)
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I got the answer right, but can someone explain the use of 신으면 in the sentence? Or like, a more direct translation of this sentence?
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신다 = to wear [footwear], (으)면 = if. So, 신으면 = if you wear [footwear].
되다 has multiple meanings like 'to become' or 'to be allowed / to be okay', among others. In this context, 안 되다 = to not be okay.
신발을 신으면 = if you wear shoes, 안 돼요 = not okay. So, 신발을 신으면 안 돼요 = if you wear shoes, it is not okay.
Finally, the sentence literally means 'In Korea, if you wear shoes in the house, it is not okay [so you should not/cannot wear them in the house]' and one of the ways to paraphrase that is 'In Korea, you cannot wear shoes in the house'.
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"In Korea, it is not right to wear shoes inside the house" should also be accepted. Reported 20190126
yo the word bank is well confusing on this one - i don't know if it's because i'm british but sometimes I struggle with the English I'm supposed to say to some of these
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If you strongly believe your answer should be accepted. Flag it to DLG and keep flagging.
But do try to avoid abbreviation(s) in your answer.
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(1) 은/는 is a reference marking, akin to "re." (the aforementioned) or "#" (topic setter).
It can be placed next to any particle in the sentence (subject; object; adverb/adverbial; verb etc.).
Its role therefore already sets focus on the attached particle, making the importance of particle's position in the sentence less relevant. English on not having markers, relies more on word position for emphasis.
This also highlights the importance of auxiliary markers (은/는; 도, 만, 까지, 보다, etc.) and the reason why they cannot be omitted like case markers (이/가; 을/를; 의 etc.)
In speech Korean however, markers do tend to get omitted frequently. My best guess is sentences will start to rely more on intonation and particle position as experienced in the English language; and in writing, perhaps by relying more on the use of punctuation marks.
(2) Your question boils down to placement of adverb/adverbial (phrase) in a sentence. This depends on whether the adverb is meant
• to modify the whole sentence (sentential adverb) as seen in the example; or
• only to modify a particular part of it (componential adverb); or
• to join two clauses (conjunctional adverbs), as seen with the use of (으)면, when/if, in the example; or
• just as a change of topic (transitional adverbs).
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• 안 되다 = may not; be forbidden to ( It is just a polite way of expressing a prohibition )
V-(으)면 안 되다 = may not do V ( The action described by V, if happened", is not permitted )
• 좋다 = (be) good, nice
Lit. A/V + (으)면 안 좋다 = be not nice to A/V.
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Thnx for replying. I just want to know the difference between
(1) 한국에서는 집에서 신발을 신으면 안 돼요. and
(2) 한국에서는 집에서 신발을 신는 것이 안 돼요.
Thanks again.
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Great. Worth finding out when to use which structure (conditional vs clause nominalization).
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This is to point out that the "은/는" are not a replacement for the 이/가 subject markers, as often misinterpreted by new learners.
은/는 is a narrative marker, introducing the theme of the sentence. Their meaning is similar to the Eng introductory expressions: "in reference to; with regard to; as to etc."
한국에서는 => ref. 'In Korea' or #inKorea.
In a formal English sentence, such emphasis is usually expressed by putting the emphasized/introductory word (or phrase)
▪at the beginning of the sentence followed by a comma
한국에서는 [...] = In Korea, [...]
▪or (less frequently) at the end of the sentence preceded by a comma
한국에서는 [...] = [...], in Korea.
=> 은/는 = subordinate comma used to highlight the theme of the sentence.