"I am not looking at the last pears."
Translation:Nedívám se na poslední hrušky.
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I am very confused over when you use a demonstrative pronoun or article (te, to etc) . Sometimes it is used and sometimes not as in this case. Can anyone help
In English you almost always use "the" before "next" or "last" but these do not require any pronouns in Czech. The adjective "poslední" or "další" determine it enough. "ty poslední" or "ty další" ould be another level of stressing that they are THE/those last ones.
Czechs and other Slavic speakers are just as confused when learning a language like English that uses articles.
That is not correct, because "se" is a clitic and needs to be in the clitic position (2nd element in a sentence).
You can say either "Nedívám se..." or "Já se nedívám..."
For more about words like "se" that need to be in the second position, you can visit this excellent discussion: https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/31466920.
When you've "recovered" from that one, you'll find its companion piece here: https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/38369227.
WARNING: Prepare to be confused! :-)
I don't think "ja" needs to go before "nedivam" because "nedivam" means I'm not looking
Yes, it's correct. And it means "I'm not looking at THOSE last pears".
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Doesn't "I'm not looking at THOSE last pears." rather mean "Nedívám se na TAMTY poslední hrušky."?
It would, too. Or better yet, "...na tamty.." would mean "at the/those last pears (over) there", since "tamty" is really physically pointing.
The point is, the definite article before "last" is mandatory in English, it has no semantic function. That's why it corresponds to nothing in Czech, not to a demonstrative "ty".
Nope. In English, the definite article (the) is mandatory before "last". That means it corresponds to nothing in Czech.
And hence vice versa, the "ty" in your Czech sentence would therefore correspond to "those" in English.
It's a little nit-picky, but it's still an important distinction.
Guessing.... confusion between "hledat" and "hledět," since the latter hasn't appeared (yet)?
is "se" ever and ever in second position? Then I can understand: divám se or já se divám.
Se should indeed be "in the second position." But keep mind that the "second position" is mot necessarily the actual second word in a sentence or clause. especially as sentences get more complex. What is important is that it should follow the first "unit of meaning," and there are many sentences in the course that demonstrate this. (And it can be pretty confusing!)
Why is "Na co" a "unit of meaning" in Na co se díváte?; but subject plus verb is not, as in Já se nevídám...? Is this just the way it is?
Na is a preposition and is closely bound the to object it is prepended to. A subject and a verb are just two separate parts of a sentence, you have to count them separately.
"Já se nedívám na poslední hrušky" is also accepted. In that sentence, se comes second, after the first "unit of meaning," which in this case happens to be the single word já.
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Nemelo, zbytecne to zduraznuje TY hrusky. To je jako those last pears.
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Dala jsem" Nedívám se na ty poslední hrušky." TY je špatně? Proč, když v zadání je THE ?
A budete otrocky překládat každé anglické THE jako TEN, TA, TO, TY atd.? Na konci filmu (THE END) bude česky "TEN KONEC"? Zítra pojedete TOU tramvají k TOMU doktorovi, nebo se budete učit TEN anglický jazyk na TÉ aplikaci, kterou používáte na TOM počítači či na TOM mobilu?"
English requires "the" before words such as "last". It's a grammatical requirement, it doesn't mean we are actually pointing at the pears. Saying "Nedívám se na TY poslední hrušky" is the same as saying "I'm not looking at THOSE last pears" in English.
I added the personal pronoun Já at the beginning and it was wrong. Why?
And what was the whole sentence? Did you adjust the word order? Have you read other comments in this discussion? :)
Following the rest of the exercise, why can't i say "na poslední hrušky se nedívám"?
o posledni hrusky se nedivam was marked incorrect. Couls someone explain why?