I wasn't sure about erhalten, so I found this useful answer on the differences between various German words meaning "to receive." https://german.stackexchange.com/questions/6396/what-are-the-differences-between-bekommen-erhalten-entgegennehmen-empf

how do you translate: "did they receive the payment?"

I believe that it would be the same, but "Sie" would not be capitalized.