"The woman has a conversation with an animal in Korean."
Translation:여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다.
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말 is pure Korean for 'word' as in vocable expression (speech). So, 한국말로 literally means 'in spoken Korean'.
And 한국말로 하다 = to have an exchange in spoken Korean = to speak in Korean
DLG: 한국어로 means 'in Korean language'. 어 (Hanja) is the generic term for 'language'.
한국어로 대화하다 = to have a chat / conversation in Korean (language)
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I hit this question again and at second glance I have to say the cue is confusing. This time around I put 여자가 동물랑 함께 한국어로 대화합니다 ... which I think is a closer translation to "with an animal" than 동물하고. I think if Duolingo wants the later, the prompt should be "The woman and an animal have a conversation in Korean. Yes?
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(1) (이)랑 and 하고
(이)랑 <--> 하고 are interchangeable. But (이)랑 tends to be used in speech Korean.
(이)랑 함께 = together/along with -> used to emphasise the sense of togetherness, nothing more.
동물 + (이)랑 l함께 -> 동물이랑 함께 , not 동물랑 함께
Besides that your sentence is acceptable with or without 함께.
(2) Noun1하고 || Noun2 = Noun1(이)랑 || Noun2 = Noun1 and Noun2
Noun1 || Noun2하고 = Noun1 || Noun2(이)랑 = Noun1 with Noun2
-> 여자가 동물하고 = The woman with the animal
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여자-가 = The woman (- subject)
동물-하고 = with the animal (하고 = and/with)
한국어-로 = in Korean (한국어 = Korean language; 로= by means of)
대화-합니다 = has a conversation (합니다 = has/have; 대화 = conversation)
여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다 = The woman has a conversation in Korean with an animal.
First, identify the subject. Then read leftward from the verb.
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I put 이야기하다 and it was not excepted. Does not 이야기하다 also mean "to talk with", esp. if you use -하고 in the sentence?
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~와 이야기하다 vs ~와 대화하다.
Both means "to talk to somebody". The difference seems to be in the level of formality.
~와 이야기하다 = to have a chat with
~와 대화하다 = to have a talk; to hold a conversation with [More formal maybe?]
It is necessary to stress the postposition used in this case because 이야기하다 has a broader use than 대화하다, which ranges from simple chit chats/discussing trivial matters to spreading rumors.
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Between two nouns -하고 means "and". If -하고 is attached to a noun but not followed by another noun it means "with". In this case, since 한국어로 is the prepositional phrase "in Korean" so -하고 is used to mean "with".
I think the answer above is a good one for people who work well with nouns and technical speech. But to put it in simpler words for people like me who's brain shuts off when grammar gets too technical...
여자하고 동물(이) 한국어로 대화합니다. = The woman and the animal have a conversation in Korean.
여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다. = The woman has a conversation with an animal in Korean.
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Briefly, with regard to 말하다 - speak, communicate:
한국어를 하다 - Speak Korean (communication by skill or ability)
한국어로 하다 - Speak in Korean (communication by choice or by the means of, implying there are other choices or means available).
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• 동물이, switching subject to 동물 (the animal) does not convey the original idea of the English sentence.
• 여자는 - omitting preposition 하고 (and/with) would make the sentence unclear.
여자는 [~ #TheWoman] - As to/with regard to/about the woman ...
Adding the tag -는 only indicates that if there is to be any further discussion, it will be about 여자. It does not define (as markers do) the grammatical role of this word in the sentence.
• You could put:
여자하고(는) 동물이 한국어로 대화를 합니다 = The woman and the animal have a conversation in Korean.
Or
동물이 여자하고(는) 한국어로 대화를 합니다 - The animal has a conversation with the woman in Korean.
Those are grammatically correct. But as said, they do not preserve the grammatical structure of the original English sentence.
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Between nouns -하고/-과/-와/-랑/-이랑 means "and". Attached only to a noun they all mean "with". 함께/같이 mean "together". E.g.
(우리) 같이 가 - (Let's) go together.
고양이하고 개가 있어 - I have/There is a cat and a dog.
개랑 놀아요 - (I) play with a/the dog.
너랑 (함께) 연습하고 싶어 - I want to practice (together) with you.
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To add on to suspish's response, in Korean to do a language, e.g. 영어를 하다, means to speak the language. 대화하다 means to converse though and though you speak(하다) a language, you converse in(-(으)로 대화하다) a language
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Why does the prompt have 있습니다 for "has", when that apperently isnt correct? I couldn't find 합니다 anywhere.
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"has" translates to many different things based on the translation. Duolingo doesn't really know which one to suggest. 있다/있습니다 is correct for the possessive "has". In this case, 대화 means "conversation", 하다 means "to do", and 대화하다 or 대화를 하다 literally reads "to do a conversation" but means "to converse" or "to have a conversation". For a better explanation of 있다/하다 and Korean grammar I suggest reading the tips and notes for these skills found on the Duolingo mobile/desktop website (not the app itself).
Hmmm I'm not that good in this but using 여자와 is saying 'the woman and' so the meaning of your sentence may be the woman and animal are conversing in Korean.. Which is slightly wrong since the original sentence only suggest that the woman is speaking in Korean with the dog but not the both of them? I might be wrong but here is my interpretation
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Your answer is wrong as it shows that the subject of the sentence is *The woman and the animal [...]".
The subject of DLG's sentence is just The woman.
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한국어 = Korean (language)
한국어-로 = (Lit. by means of - Korean language) = in Korean.
-(으)로 is a preposition meaning as; by; in; with etc.
I'll address them one by one. :) The solution sentence is: 여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다.
가 is the subject particle, in this sentence it shows the woman is the focus of what we are thinking about. It is used for vowel ending words; 이 is used for consonant ending words.
와 isn't in this sentence, but 하고 (another form of the word 'and') IS, except in this case it means 'with'. 와, 하고, 이랑 mean 'and' when between two nouns but mean 'with' when after the two nouns, ex: 여자하고 동물이 먹습니다 = the woman and animal eat. 여자가 동물하고 먹습니다 = the woman eats with the animal.
어로 is not quite right. The particle is 로 or if attached to a word ending in a consonant, 으로. It means 'by means of/with', as in "I eat with chopsticks", or "I travel by means of car". In the solution sentence, 로 is added onto 한국어 (Korean language) to express that the woman speaks in/by means of the Korean language.
합니다, 습니다... I think you are just referring to the formal speech level ending. When using the formal speech level all verb/adjectives end in ㅂ니다 for vowel ending words and 습니다 for consonant ending words, ex: 하다 (to go) -> 합니다, 보다 (to see) -> 봅니다. 듣다 (to hear) -> 듣습니다, 먹다 (to eat) -> 먹습니다.
에, again wasn't in this sentence, but is the time/place particle. It is used to mark the location or time in a sentence, ex: 저는 길에 앉습니다 = I sit in the street. 저는 음식을 식당에 먹습니다 = I eat food in the/a restaurant.
HTH...Good luck w/ your studies.
(I edited this post for spelling, grammar errors)
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• 여자가 can be understood as "The woman is the one who [...]".
=> Subject marker is for identification and set the focus on the subject.
• 여자는 is similar to "She, 그녀" in that it is used to refer to a woman, girl, that has already been mentioned or known to both interlocutors.
=> The topic marker helps to focus on the activity attributed to the mentioned woman, i.e. the body of the sentence, without the subject.
So although both expressions are translatable to "The woman", there is a difference in focus: subject vs (subject's) attribute(s).
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N-하고 = (1). N and; (2). with N
(1) "And": when the noun attached to 하고 comes before another noun.
[동물-하고] [여자(가)] = [The animal and] + [the woman]
동물하고 여자가 한국어로 대화합니다 - The animal and the woman have a conversation in Korean
(2) "With": when the noun attached to 하고 comes after another noun.
[여자(가)] [동물-하고] = [The woman] + [with the animal]
여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다 => The woman has a conversation with the animal in Korean.
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• 이/가 is used for "identification" of the performer of an action (i.e. the subject of the sentence.) . So,
"여자가 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다." may be understood as "The one who has a conversation in Korean with an animal is --> a/the woman"
• 은/는 is used usually for reference. The focus is shifted to finding out what the "already identified subject" does (i.e. to the predicate of the sentence). So,
"여자는 동물하고 한국어로 대화합니다." may be understood as "What the/that woman does is --> having a conversation in Korean with an animal."
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(1). Typos. 둥물화 should read 동물과 => mispellings "둥" & "화"
[With correction]
"여자가 동물과 같이 한국어로 대화합니다"
(2). 와/과 are used mostly in written works rather than in speech. 하고 or (이)랑, preferred in speech.
(3). 와/과 or 와/과 같이
3.1 와/과 can be used as a contracted version of 와/과 같이, but only when the attached noun comes after the subject-noun or closest to the verb i.e.
여자가 동물과 = The woman with the animal or 동물과 대화합니다 = converse(s) with the animal
In both cases, 동물과 comes after the subject noun 여자(가). The reason being 와/과 also means "and", when the attached noun precedes the subject-noun i.e.
동물과 여자(가) = The animal and the woman =/= 여자(가) 동물과 = The woman with the animal.
3.2 와/과 같이 (the full expression) allows the attached noun to move more freely.
동물과 같이 여자(가) = 여자(가) 동물과 같이 = The woman with the animal
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"여자랑 동물 같이 한국어로 대화합니다". Particles are killing me slowly xddd what does "랑" even mean? I've never seen it before D: haaaaaaaalp! And 감사합니다.
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(이)랑 like 와/ 과; 하고 means "and; (together) with".
It is a conjunction linking nouns (not verbs or adjectives).
It is for colloquial usage like 하고, while 와/ 과 are more formal.
이랑 is attached to noun ending in a consonant; 랑, to noun ending in a vowel.
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They both mean "me too, I ...".
But 저 ( I ) is used when the Speaker is humbling (lowering) himself when addressing his audience.
It is a form of added respect towards the listener, acknowledging the latter being in a superior social standing as oneself whether in age or ranking etc.
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It depends on the position of "하고"
▪conjunction "and" if 하고 stands between 2 nouns and attached to the 1st noun:
여자하고 동물이 = the woman AND an animal (both nouns, subject)
▪preposition "with" if 하고 is attached to the 2nd noun:
여자가 동물하고 = the woman (subject) WITH an animal (indirect object)