"우리들의 할머님께서 노래하십니다."
Translation:Our grandmother sings.
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What I don't understand is why they use 우리 for wife and husband too. They didn't marry the whole family so they can't be the family's wife/husband
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우리들 is used to distinguish "our" from "my", implying that the audience is included.
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우리 is used as both "our" and "my" when referring to family and country. It is seen as less exclusive and less childish.
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제 is used as "my", carries an exclusive connotation, and seen as more childish when referring to family and country.
For example: 우리 학교 and 제 학교 can both mean "my school. However the latter implies that the school is mine but not yours (thus exclusive). The former does not imply anything about whether the school in question is the audience's school as well.
Im not sure where the ㅁ comes from, but 께서 is just the honorific subject particle. You can read more at the very end of this lesson:
https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-5/lessons-101-108/lesson-105a/
Like any other homonym form, you differentiate typically by context of the sentence. With "song" and "yellow", keep a few things in mind:
- 노래 = "song", noun
- 노래하다 = 노래를 하다 = "to sing", verb
- 노란색, 노랑 = "yellow", noun
- 노랗다 = "to be yellow", adjective
Note that 노래하다 is a 하다 verb so the noun stem can separate from the verb stem, especially with verb negation. Also note that 노랗다 at the casual speech level is conjugated to 노래. The distinction can be made here by looking at how that word is used: as a noun or as a sentence finisher.
See: https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/25119233?comment_id=45780974
The honorific form of 노래하다 is used to honor the person who is performing the action.