"他说得很快,我不明白。"
Translation:He speaks very fast. I do not understand.
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Actually, 明白 is made of the two characters "bright" and "white", like saying it is perfectly clear to me and there is that 听 character in 听不懂 which means to hear so that would make sense
It is a particle. It basically shows that someone is able to use a skill. You'll find it used after the verb (Verb + 得). [Disclaimer: 得 has other uses, so look out for them in the future.]
Examples:
做 得 很 好 - zuò de hěn hǎo - do 得 very well
说 得 太 快 - shuō de tài kuài - speak 得 too fast
开 得 很 快 - kāi de hěn kuài - drive 得 very fast
3040
To expand on LazyEinstein's comment, one of the uses of 得 (according to my dictionary) is "used between a verb and an adjective or a clause to indicate degree or extent", as shown in the above examples.
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If you go to this website: https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?wdqb=hello and paste in 得, you'll see the three different meanings/uses for this character.
Semantically speaking, shouldn't it translate to: "He speaks very quickly, I do not understand." "Fast" isn't an adverb, but in the answer it's referring to "speaks". I understand that the literal translation of "快" is "fast" but in the context of this answer, isn't it grammatically incorrect in English?