"对不起，我可以向你借笔记吗？"
Translation:Sorry, can I borrow the notes from you?
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That's more a property of the English language. Though I do agree that they should change it to 'Sorry, can I...' to minimize confusion.
I believe it's part of the sentence structure for 借/borrow. 向你借something ”向你“ is like "from you" “借" is borrow.
"向你借something" is like "borrow something from you"
"向" can mean "from" per https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22towards%22_with_%22xiang%22#Used_as_.22from.22. So, the latter half of the reference sentence is literally "I can from you borrow notes?" and follows a 向 + target + verb pattern.
It is more likely to explain it like " I am here facing to you." It is like a action that is intend to something or someone. Not only a meaning of "from' but also "to". for example, 我冲向他。I rush to him. I borrowed a pen from him.我向他借了一支笔。 我从他那借来了一支笔。(I borrowed a pen from him(there). 那（这）。。verb来direct object means "did something and gained something from xxxxxx(there).
This one expresses more polite. It sounds like you wanna borrow something from the stranger. The way between friends should be 我可以借你筆記嗎
Though this sentence gramatically means 2 opposite questions. But only can I borrow your note is frequently used. If you don't want confuse yourself, put 的 then becomes 你的筆記 is more clear.
By the way, here 跟 can substitute 向, 我可以跟你借筆記嗎 is also polite speaking. 向 is too polite not used often nowadays.
Because the notebook here has a possession state which is "your",therefore you cant say can i borrow a notebook.
What's the difference in Chinese between 'Can I borrow the notes from you' and 'Can I can lend you the notes'?
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I wrote: Can I borrow from you the notes? This is marked as wrong. Why??? It is miserable from Duo!!
because that isn't correct English. "Can i borrow the notes from you" would be correct way to say it. or "can you lend me your notes"
'Excuse me. Can I borrow your notes please' was wrong. Punished for being polite again I guess...
"You borrow me" is not right. Two correct setences are: "Sorry, can you lend me your notes?" and "Sorry, can I borrow your notes?"
Why do you have to say SORRY when borrowing notes, I think EXCUSE ME should be the proper term
Yeah, if someone didn't say "but" to me I would be completely lost.
Sorry, can I borrow your notes? (Sorry BUT can you repeat that clearly?)
Sorry, but can I borrow your notes? (oh, if you don't repeat "I" twice we don't know who we're talking about. so sorry!) Ugh
will you hurry up and please fix this "but" requirement for god sake? waste my time