"The Czechs do not wear shoes at home."

Translation: Češi doma nenosí boty.

[esamota]

Why wouldn't Češi nenosí boty doma be accepted as well?

[tatka_]

It not sound naturally for me. Better is "Češi nenosí doma boty".

[Tibro3]

But is that the only permutation of these four words that sounds natural? What are the rules of word order that are in play here?

[Hatch-Slack]

Here is something:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_word_order#Clitics

[jptoman]

Aren't "doma" and "v domě" interchangeable?

[tatka_]

Not exactly. At home can be an apartment, a house, a country...

at home = doma

in a house = v domě

[jptoman]

Okay, so "v domě" refers to the specific type of building - a house; whereas "doma" is the home as a concept which could include a house. Thanks Tatko.