"Von to vokno nevotevřel."
Translation:He didn't open the window.
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I don't want to get into any linguistic details (those can be found here https://www.czechency.org/slovnik/PROTEZE or in scientific papers (just google it)), but basically it's kinda easier to pronounce.
Btw, the very same phenomenon happens in Ukrainian too - він, відкривати, вікно.
That is not true. Many people write like that in a suitable situation. Including myself.
You can find prothetic v's very commonly in literature. Just open Hašek's Švejk, among many others.
Or listen to some music https://www.karaoketexty.cz/texty-pisni/garage-tony-duchacek/v-kare-vojety-249930
This is mainly because the Common Czech is no longer just a "Bohemian dialect", it is becoming the vernacular in a more universal sense except certain areas of Moravia and Silesia that still keep their dialects, although also in more unified way. But, despite of the unification within the groups, the Moravian dialect groups are still quite distinct and would probably be impossible to introduce here without doing a disservice. One Skill would only confuse everyone.
Some Czech (of Moravian origin) writers treated the Moravian dialects quite liberally and mixed them in various ways in their works (e.g. in the famous Maryša) but that should not be done in a language course.
A nice survey of Czech dialects, written in Czech, is at https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/bitstream/handle/11222.digilib/131109/Books_2010_2019_053-2014-1_8.pdf?sequence=1 but even Wikipedia will give a good overview https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_language#Varieties Notice how Common Czech is treated separately, not as one of the Bohemian dialects. Be aware that there are often only remnants of many of the dialects and that the classification was done 50 years ago and even then with the oldest generation.