No because the expression "viennent de" + infinitive (or any other conjugation of "venir de") means "just". It is an indication that the action of the infinitive has occurred only recently. It is called the "near past" or "recent past". It works much like "near future". You can read the Tips & Notes online or open this page in a browser: https://www.thoughtco.com/french-recent-grammar-and-pronunciation-glossary-1369062

In situations where there are different possible interpretations, we look at what is most likely to be understood. Of course, you may say "...have just called" and that is acceptable. But the expression "Honey, my parents just called" would be understood that they called a little while ago, not that they only called and did not do anything else.

Going to would be "vont appeller". The excercise example is past tense. Something that happened recently. Literally it would translate to something like my parents come from calling.

No, "juste" doesn't mean the same thing used that way. See the link in my post above.

"mes parents ont juste appelé" means that your parents called but nothing more. Like they did not send money.

This roll-out of a new version has more than the usual issues. Not the least of which is the lag time in corrections being made live. Of course your answer is correct (and you know that it is). So in the meantime, we need to be patient while the owl struggles to keep up.

I doubt that it is your phone. The female audio has its issues but there is nothing to be done about it except wait for Duolingo to replace it. Five years and counting.......