"Tohle jídlo nesmíš jíst lžící."
Translation:You must not eat this meal with a spoon.
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must not is not the same as not have to, must not means you are not allowed.
Why You must not eat this food with a spoon is incorrect and the underlined "wrong" word is must[??? food is not equal to jidlo here?
totally disagree with translation: Why not "You may not eat this food with a spoon." or "This food is not to be eaten with a spoon", Or "you are not allowed or permitted to eat this food with a spoon.
Several of the verb phrases that you suggested are among the accepted alternatives, and "food" is accepted as well.
I am native AmE. My guess is that "a spoon" was chosen because (1) it is the more generic option and (2) there is no demonstrative pronoun in the Czech sentence (and, if there were, the translation to English might be "that spoon").
Solely from the perspective of English, and assuming we are sitting at a table and a spoon is clearly available, I would say that "the spoon" would also be acceptable -- if the Czech sentence can accommodate it.