"He reads from his book."
Translation:वह अपनी किताब से पढ़ता है।
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उसका, उसकी, उसके mean his/her when the person the item(s) belong to is not the subject. अपना, अपनी, अपने are reflexive pronouns and literally mean "own"; so they are used when the object belongs to the subject. ie I read my (own) book मैं अपनी किताब पढ़ता हूँ. He eats his (own) apple वह अपना सेब खाता है. You live in your (own) house तुम अपने घर में रहता हो. I hope that helps.
One wouldn't. Nouns ending -ii are mostly feminine, and -a mostly masculine, but there are exceptions (mostly if not all where they're 'loan words' from e.g. Sanskrit or English), but with other endings I don't think there's even a rough rule of thumb like that.
Hardly a problem unique to Hindi though!
These would be apni:
I read my book He reads his book She reads her book You read your book They read their book We read our book
These will not be apni: I read your book She reads his book We read their book They read our book We read her book Etc
Same is also explained above, just have to read and think