"हम आज नहीं जा रहे।"
Translation:We are not going today.
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नहीं before the verb is the default position. You can place it after the verb if you want to emphasise the negation - हम आज जा नहीं रहे। - We are NOT going today
Please read zebbo7 comments above........mostly in negations you can omit hain, hai etc. However it is not wrong if you use hain.......main aaj nahi jaa raha ( hoon) I'm not going today.........tum khana nahi kha rahe ( ho).you are not eating the food..........tum nahi ja sakte ( ho). You can't go....but like other languages here are also some exceptions......as "mere paas meri kitabien nahi hain". I don't have my books ...........mere paas tumhara dibba nahi hai....I don't have your box......
Would adding the redundant hai at the end of the sentence change the meaning of the sentence in anyway? Or is it used just for clarity and completeness to make it a complete sentence instead of a declarative verbal sentence fragment? Also as a follow up, if aaj nahi ja rahii is the object of the sentence, is nahi ja rahii also the verb, or is the verb hai, which is implied in this phrase but not explicitly stated?
Adding or dropping the है doesn't change the meaning in any way.
जा is the main verb and रहे/है are auxiliary verbs which specify that the verb is in the present progressive tense. नहीं is the negative particle which negates the verb.
Sometimes I see people in movies /serials say हम as 'I' and not 'we'... Can someone explain?
It is similar to the 'Royal we' in English.
In the past, certain people of a 'higher social status' used to refer to themselves using हम, especially when speaking formally, and this was considered a sign of being 'well-bred'. This is rarely done in modern standard Hindi, except by some older people. The actor Amitabh Bachchan is one prominent person I can think of who uses हम this way.
In addition, there are some Hindi dialects where हम is the default first-person pronoun for both 'I' and 'we'. मैं is not used in these dialects.
