"काले कुत्ते"

Translation: Black dogs

[Owen-Benjambavan]

It's a little strange to me that adjectives change from singular to plural as well, but I guess it's useful in the case of "red apples" if you had no other clue if the speaker meant single or plural apples.

[srivassumit]

Fun fact:
Red apple -> लाल सेब
Red apples -> लाल सेब

[JuanTheNeko]

If I may ask, are there any specific adjectives that go after the noun?

[vinay92]

No. Adjectives in Hindi work exactly the same as in English. Attributive adjectives always go before the noun. If an adjective goes after the noun, then it's predicative.

Eg: यहाँ काले कुत्ते हैं - Black dogs are here
यहाँ कुत्ते काले हैं - The dogs here are black