"Because of the rain the game has become difficult"
Translation:Kwa sababu ya mvua mchezo umeshindikana
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ndapyopyangana maningi. The lesson page said either -k- -ik- or -ika was added. This has -ana. I thought -ana was for reciprocal actions. Why does this end in -ana? And why does it start in u-?
Some -eka/-ika verbs just have an extra -ana on the end.
kupata = to get; obtain
→ kupatikana = to be available; obtainable
kujua = to know
→ kujulikana = to be well-known
kutaka = to want
→ kutakikana = to be needed; wanted
kuweza = to be able to
→ kuwezekana = to be possible
kuona = to see
→ kuonekana = to be visible; to seem; to look
kukosa = to miss
→ kukosekana = to be missing; lacking
In a couple of examples, the -eka/-ika and -ekana/-ikana makes a difference in meaning.
kusema = to say; speak
→ kusemeka = to be utterable; speakable
→ kusemekana = to be purported; claimed; said
kushinda = to win; defeat
→ kushindika = to be overcome; beaten
→ kushindikana = to fail; to be unsuccessful
The verb has a u- on the beginning because the subject, mchezo, is a class 3 noun (singular of the M/MI class) and the subject prefix that corresponds to that class is u-.
kuonakana = to look, but only as in "have the appearance"? E.g, unaonakana mrembo, you look beautiful.
-onekana. And to add another meaning: be seen. Alionekana jana amevaa nguo alizoziiba." He was seen yesterday wearing the clothes he stole."
And some other meanings for -patikana: 1. -patikana na hatia -- be found guilty (in court); 2. be caught (doing something you shouldn't) Alipatikana akivua nguo hadharani - He was caught/found undressing in public.
'kushindikana' usually means that it was so difficult it was not possible to complete it. So just saying "has become difficult" has a different connotation whereas 'mchezo umeshindikana' implies they has to stop the game completely