"Bleeding wounds need to be treated."
Translation:Luka berdarah perlu diobati.
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Mmm... I think you were hoping for one of our hard-working experts ... but ...
1. Not '-nya' because we are not referring to one specific wound or a wound already mentioned, but wounds in general
2. Not 'berobat' because that would put the verb into the active voice and we need the passive voice to focus on what is being treated (the wound) rather than who is doing the treatment to it (the doctor)
3. I think that the difference between 'harus' and 'perlu' is the strength/grade of the adjective ... there is doubtless a degree of overlap, but to me 'harus' is rather stronger (so 'must' or 'have to') and 'perlu' less strong (eg 'should', 'ought to' or 'need to')
4. As for 'yang', I STILL get quite confused myself as to when it is needed, when it oughtn't be included and when it can be included or left out! In many sentences, I suspect that the latter is the case and in everyday spoken Bahasa either in or out will make little practical difference. I would have thought that in this sentence 'yang' should be included, to focus on the bleeding (ie, it is is only wounds that are specifically bleeding that need to be treated) but in reality it may make no difference. Perhaps one of the experts will put me/us straight ...