What is the right way to write long vowels?

[Lululipes]

I've had this issue before, Duolingo teaches to use و ي ا for ā ī and ū respectively, when I've heard that you actually use ا with the diacritics to make the long vowel. Also could someone please explain to me hamza ء

[Scipio_V]

Say "ahh" then try to insert your finger into your throat until it touches the uvula. This will create the sound "عاغء... قه, قه" and you will gain the ultimate lesson in Arabic vowels and hamza. This is an advanced lesson, do not attempt it on a plane or before a fight.

[Lululipes]

???

[ThinkerXT]

I don't understand your question.

[Lululipes]

To say the long o voel, do you write the letter or alef with the o diacritic