33 Comments
How do you know vid should be translated as by, and not as on? (that's what I had..)
But Duolingo showed on as one of the optional translations... will on be the translation for vid in exceptional cases then, or so?
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The hints show many possible translations for a word, so not all words in the hints will work everywhere. For prepositions, there are so many different contexts. vid can be on for instance if you're talking about vid gränsen, that can be on the border.
is it acceptable if i say "beside the glass"? is there really any difference between these two prepositions? thank you.
Swedish would prefer ”bredvid” for beside. Beside sort of means ”to the side of” whereas ”by” is just ”close to”, at least that’s what the Swedish equivalents imply.
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that distinction doesn't really exist in English, my sense is that 'beside' is a bit more contemporary, 'by' a bit less so.
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On the contrary, at least in university-level American English, there is a definite distinction between beside and by, similar to the Swedish distinction between bredvid and vid.
(See my other comment elsewhere on this page.)
’Very close to’, ’immediately beside’
- Röda stugor invid vattnet (’Red cottages just by the water’)
- Alldeles invid väggen. (’Very close to the wall’)
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near in English = nära in Swedish. The difference in meaning between nära/near and vid/by is very subtle, but I think English and Swedish are extremely similar in this case. My Russian is pretty rusty and this is a complicated area anyway so I could be wrong, but my spontaneous feeling right now is that nära in this case would be близко к (which sounds a bit stupid about a glass, right?) or possibly влбизи, whereas vid is у, возле or possibly около. Bredvid and beside would be рядом с. I also think the Russian у covers several senses that are separated by the Swedish and English expressions in this case.
Anyway the main reason why near is not accepted is that by is a perfect translation of vid here.
Knives wouldn't work, because in this sentence knivan means the knife (singular). In my English, "by" means "next to", which is not the same as "near". For example, I live near the ocean, but I don't live by it. I can't speak for all dialects, but I can't imagine a context where "the knife is at the glass" would make any sense.
it seemed to me, it didn't accepted 'near', so I just can't understand why I can't say 'the knife is near the glass' here. Is the difference between 'by' and 'near' about, well.. some kind of 'direct touch' and just 'being in close area'? Or is it about Swedish 'vid', not about English 'by/near' difference? In Russian words возле and около and Ukrainian words біля and коло don't really have any difference.
I'm not sure about vid specifically, and I can't compare anything to Russian or Ukrainian, but "by" is more specific than "near". Although neither word implies "direct touching", "by" usually means "directly next to", whereas "near" means "close to, but not necessarily directly next to". If someone said "the knife is by the glass", I would expect to find the two objects lying side by side with nothing in the space between them.
Also,the word "near" often implies a larger scale, for example "I live near the city centre." "By", on the other hand, can be that same scale (the whole town), or it can be much smaller, like "the knife is by the glass." Presumably, the knife and the glass are on the same table or shelf.
Near and by are similar and are often interchangable but I would say that using near in this sentance puts more emphasis on the actual distance to the glass and not just is relative proximity. For instance "Come by the shop" and "Come near the shop" are close but the first implys the speaker wants the listener to come to the shop wheras the second refers to just the general area around the shop.
I can't see that this has been mention as yet so here goes. I put 'the knife is with the glass' which seemed like a reasonable approximation of the correct answer. Is there a reason this doesn't work that would be useful you know?
As a native English speaker from the UK, I know that if I was directing someone to the placement of a knife, saying 'with the glass' would be perfectly understood and doesn't sound jarring. My query was more about why "vid" could not be translated this way, in this context at least. NB. Apologies for typos in my comment above, more to do with typing ability than language skills.
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I think med would work the same way in Swedish then, it would be perfectly understandable, but I still feel that vid is more like by or possibly next to.
"The knive is by the glass" sounds awful to me. Apparently, I'm wrong since "by" is used like that here, however it reminds me of how as a student here in Germany I've always been told NOT to translate German "bei" (which seems to equal Swedish "vid") directly into English "by".
I think Swedish vid is often German bei, but in this case, you would almost certainly say neben dem Glas, so bei wouldn't be translated as 'by'.
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I believe that neben would translate to beside or next to in English, and to bredvid -- not vid -- in Swedish.
To put the matter another way, the DL Swedish here is not saying that the knife is immediately next to the glass, but only that the knife is in the general vicinity of the glass.
So perhaps the German for the DL Swedish here would be bei or nah rather than neben?
(I think part of the difficulty of this exercise is that we each form a mental picture of the glass and the knife and their relation to each other. Then we want to say one thing rather than another. My mental picture when I hear the Swedish here is that the knife and the glass are in the general vicinity of each other, but not necessarily alongside each other.)
You know what? If you write your nickname in the internet in Swedish, it has more chances to be free and it is going to sound more beautiful then English one. One nore reason to learn Swedish
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For those struggling with the English:
Beside and next to are practically the same. The refer to two things alongside each other: "I found the glove beside/next to the river" means the glove and the river were almost touching each other.
By and near are also practically the same, but are more general than beside/next to: "I found the glove by the river" means I found it in the general vicinity of the river -- maybe in the woods nearby.
