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- Placement of Adjectives
Placement of Adjectives
Unlike in the English language, in French, most adjectives come after the noun. Major exceptions like "beau", "jeune", "bon" and "petit" are often taught as the "BAGS" adjectives because they fit into the following categories: Beauty, Age, Goodness, Size. Words like this go before the noun they describe. Example: "Un chat noir" (a black cat) BUT "Un petit chat" (a small cat) http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/adjectives_4.htm has more information and exceptions to this rule
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You can also put these words after the noun, but only if you want to sound like a poet.
Lets just combine it all:
Beauty Rank Age Number, Goodness, Size!
BRANGS, girl! BRAAAAANGS. :D
I like BANGS and will consider "rank" as a "number". Still makes sense to me.
What about "grande", as in, "C'est une femme grande"? Wouldn't that fall under the size category?
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Some adjectives change their meaning with the position. Une femme grande. – She is a tall woman. Une grande femme. – She is a great personality.
Should be sorted under "special category".
le son doux de ta voix, c'est grammaticalement correct, mais pour la beauté de la langue on dit: le DOUX son de ta voix! ça y est!
How is "grand" figurative here? I think it is literally a "big white whale." I would have thought that "grand" preceded the noun not because it was figurative, but because it was describing size.
"Grand" is figurative in this case, because it means "great", this sentence translates to "The great white shark". If it were describing size it would come after the noun. This link is very helpful to understand about adjectives with figurative meanings: http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/adjectives_fickle.htm
That resource doesn't tell the whole story about "grand(e)".
In describing a person, grand is "great" when it comes before the noun, and "tall" after, but otherwise, it means "large" or "tall" when it comes before the noun. So "grand requin blanc" can indeed be interpreted as just "large white shark".
The issue with the English "great white shark" is that "great" is not (necessarily or technically) expressing a figurative or subjective judgement in this particular expression. As with many animal and place names, it can actually be considered to be describing simply the relative size of the entity compared to others of its kind, and not necessarily its perceived magnificence. "Great", "greater", "lesser", "least", etc. are often used this way. Some animal examples:
Great
- Great cormorant
- Great egret
- Great horned owl
- Great kiskadee
- Great skua
- Great white pelican
Greater
- Greater adjutant stork
- Greater blue-eared starling
- Greater flamingo
- Greater kudu
- Greater rhea
- Greater roadrunner
- Greater sage grouse
Lesser
- Lesser double-collared sunbird
- Lesser flamingo
- Lesser masked weaver
- Lesser mouse lemur
Least
- Least chipmunk
(An interesting question to consider is which meaning of "grand(e)" is its "usual" meaning, "magnificent" or "large"?)
Two weevils crept from the crumbs. 'You see those weevils, Stephen?' said Jack solemnly.
'I do.'
'Which would you choose?'
'There is not a scrap of difference. Arcades ambo. They are the same species of curculio, and there is nothing to choose between them.'
'But suppose you had to choose?'
'Then I should choose the right-hand weevil; it has a perceptible advantage in both length and breadth.'
'There I have you,' cried Jack. 'You are bit – you are completely dished. Don't you know that in the Navy you must always choose the lesser of two weevils? Oh ha, ha, ha, ha!'
― Patrick O'Brian
BAGS should actually be BRAGS. When describing rank (such as using the word "premier") you also put it before the noun. Thus it's Beauty, Rank, Age, Goodness, and Size.
Numbers also come before the noun. And if you want to get really detailed, when adjectives have a literal and a figurative meaning, the figurative meanings appear before the noun. http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/adjectives_4.htm
There needs to be something like this comment at the beginning of each category!
It's important to notice that before these adjectives in the plural form the partitive article "des" becomes "de": ex. "j'ai de nouveaux amis", "il y avait de gros problèmes".
Moreover, as my French teacher explained me, one can put an adjective who counts more than two syllables before a noun to put more emphasis to the sentence: ex. "nous avons visité un magnifique musée!"
Thanks for sharing! So if it's not plural but still bangs, would it stay as either du or de la? (e.g. La girafe a "du" long cou)? Or would it be de instead, or even just un?
Thanks in advance
You can play with the place of adjectives in French, when the adjective can be placed either before or after the noun (as it is the case with some adjective), you can change the meaning or emphatize something by moving the adjective. Ex: une jolie fille (a pretty girl), is not exactly the same than une fille jolie. The second turn of phrase is less common, but emphatize more on "jolie" than the first one.
"C'est une femme grande" and "C'est une grande femme" mean two different things. First case: "She is a big woman", the second "she is a great woman". Also "propre" and "certain" have a different meaning when put before or after the noun.
Also "pauvre" - "the poor child" meaning "the child who is to be pitied" is "le pauvre enfant" while "the poor child" meaning "the child who has no money" is "l'enfant pauvre", if I remember correctly.
Reefy, they do that very well in German as well. I wonder why they haven't got to working on the French tips yet?
Thanks! I’ve been struggling with French adjectives for a while, this really helped!
Please note that I edited this post from the original to clarify precisely what I am asking.
I have a puzzle...
If I encounter an adjective that falls in one of the BRANGS+T groups, and that word has both a figurative and literal meaning, how can I be sure that I properly understand the meaning?
For example, if I encounter "J'ai une grande cuisine", how do I know that the writer was talking about size, and not how awesome the kitchen is?
Or the opposite? If the writer intended to imply that the kitchen is totally awesome by using the word "grande"?
This alternative interpretation of the meaning of "grande" is implied in the earlier conversation. If it isn't applicable, please simply say so and then answer the real question.
To be perfectly clear, don't give me examples of ways in which the phrasing could be modified to clarify - I just want to know how any reader can be certain about the author's intention when the adjective used is in this situation.
Merci, I was a bit confused by this as Duolingo isn't expressly clear on some grammatical rules.
What do you mean by goodness? Does that mean things like ¨Bon, mal, etc.¨?
That's right, though "mal" is an adverb so it doesn't fit into these categories. However, "goodness" applies to "mauvais".
