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- "Rött är en färg."
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Well the adjective doesn’t have to agree with the noun since it’s not modifying the noun in this sentence. We’re stating that red is a colour, but the word colour in the sentence doesn’t have to be red, if that makes sense. When I think about it, we like talking about colours in the neuter.
- Gult är fult. (Yellow is ugly; child’s rhyme)
- Jag vill måla i grönt. (I want to paint in green.)
- Det behövs mera vitt här. (More white is needed here.)
However you can also say e.g.:
- Min favoritfärg är röd. (My favourite colour is red.)
I guess this is because the adjective modifies färg here. There is one favourite colour and it has the colour red.
Rött in this sentence is not adjective it is a noun.
Both forms "Röd är en färg" and "Rött är en färg" are accepted by Swedes.
The difference between them is the same as "Det är" and "Den är".
When introducing a new concept (Red) and you are defining it (it is a color) you should use the neutrum form: Rött.
Since most people are familiar with the color Red, Röd also is acceptable.
Still, when you say "Red is a color" you are formally introducing/defining the concept/meaning of "Red". Thus, neutrum Rött should be used.
Similar to the difference between "It is my son" and "He is my son".
Rött in this sentence is not adjective it is a noun.
Both forms "Röd är en färg" and "Rött är en färg" are accepted by Swedes.
The difference between them is the same as "Det är" and "Den är".
When introducing a new concept (Red) and you are defining it (it is a color) you should use the neutrum form: Rött.
Since most people are familiar with the color Red, Röd also is acceptable.
Still, when you say "Red is a color" you are formally introducing/defining the concept/meaning of "Red". Thus, neutrum Rött should be used.
Similar to the difference between "It is my son" and "He is my son".