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can anyone explain more about "ju" and "desto" for me? . Do they only mean "the" or they have other uses?
940
ju … desto is a combination, in English the combination is the … the
These expressions work like this: If you have more X, you will have more Y.
Ju mer du läser, desto mer lär du dig - The more you read, the more you learn
Ju större fötter du har, desto större skor behöver du - The bigger feet you have, the bigger shoes you need
Ju fler desto roligare - The more the merrier
Ju fler kockar, desto sämre soppa - The more cooks, the worse the soup (Proverb: too many cooks spoil the broth)
It could be correlative rather than causal, but yeah, that's the general gist. :)
Direct translation aside, could a more creative understanding of this be something along the lines of "if ... therefore"? or something similar?
- 940
If X to a higher degree, then Y to a higher degree too
Or covariance https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance
Perfect! Thank you, I think that gets me where I need to be in my head. :)
- 940
Ju has other uses too. A common one is to reinforce that something is already known. This is often not translated into English.
Jag har ju sagt det! - lit. I have [ju] said that - idiomatic translation: I told you so!
- 940
It doesn't really mean anything else, it's a word in its own right. Ord.se has good examples of how to use it.
- 940
I think it could be doch, aber or ja in German:
Det vet jag ju! 'Das weiß ich doch!'
Du talar ju tyska – 'Du sprichst ja Deutsch'
Det är ju inte så bra – 'Das ist aber nicht so gut'
- 940
I thought some more about this and came to the conclusion that ja is the best translation after all. In doch, I feel there's always a sense of contradiction, and in most cases it would be better translated with fast (or fast + ju) in Swedish (although fast works a little differently syntactically). And fast is definitely a very false friend :)
- 940
Yes, so there's no 1=1 here. And you can't ever put this ju first in a sentence in Swedish, as you can with doch in German.
Is there a difference between using "Ju ..., desto ..." and "Ju ..., ju ..."?
There's this Swedish article here: https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=411&artikel=3240910 I believe it says that using "Ju ..., ju ..." is more colloquial. Am I interpreting this right? Is there anything else worth knowing about this?
ju ... ju is actually an older form, but it's been considered incorrect or very colloquial for ages now. I would recommend not ever using it, and we only accept ju ... desto.
