"My parents do not like that you eat ants."
Translation:Mina föräldrar tycker inte om att du äter myror.
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att = that
Without the "att", it would be like saying "My parents don't like I eat ants."
Don't make the mistake of thinking that "tycker" means "like" and that "om" means "that". Rather, "tycker om" is an idiom meaning "like", and "att" means "that".
Not eating insects is just a cultural thing. Here, maybe some chocolate will help: http://www.chefdepot.net/chocolateants.htm
No, om is not a preposition here, it's a particle and always stressed. Since the verb is in second place in main clauses (that are not questions), inte goes after the verb there unless it's at the start of the sentence, which is very rare. In subclauses, inte goes before the verb. There's a longer post about word order here: https://www.duolingo.com/comment/8970470, but with relation to phrasal verbs, inte goes between the verb and its particle. So either inte comes before all of tycker om, or it will go between the two words.
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I still get confused with the word order here, even after reading about the V2 Rule. In my translation I wrote "Mina föräldrar tycker inte om att äter du myror", which is wrong, so I must have used the V2 Rule incorrectly, but I cannot make any sense of why it is wrong.
You're thinking correctly, it's just that att is a conjunction here, so the second clause functions independently. Hence, it follows normal word order for that clause, just as if it had been its own sentence - which means the v2 rule applies to it as well.
(This is not actually strictly true, because adverbials such as inte will still be placed in front of the verb. But it usually helps to think of it that way.)
Hm, in which position would you use it? “..tycker inte om det” would mean “..don’t like IT”, “…tycker inte om att…” means “…don’t like THAT you eat ants”
Very emphasizing and formal you could say “Mina föräldrar tycker inte om det faktum att du äter myror”, but it would sound a bit weird in an everyday conversation. Ok, as the sentence is weird as well, you might get away with it