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- "Mit welcher?"
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Well, "welchem" is the der/das (male/neutral) form of "welch." "welcher" is the female form, because "mit" takes the dative case; thereore, any object that complements "mit" must be in the dative case, so basically, only "welcher" and "welchem" may be used after "mit," it just depends on the context. If you're talking about dogs, you'd use welchem, if you're talking about cups, you'd use welcher.
In case no native speakers decide to drop by, take a look at this link:
http://german.about.com/library/blcase_dat2.htm
There you'll find that it says "mit" is a dative-only preposition (some prepositions can take either accusative or dative), and just a lot of information on dative with prepositions in general.
It seems like the confusion here is why Duolingo chose the feminine form. Normally I'm guessing this would normally be determined by the context of the previous conversation, for example, if you were talking about something relating to chairs (Der Stuhl), you would say 'Mit Welchem?' to ask which one specifically (because Stuhl is masculine). Since there is no indication what the previous context is, we can only assume that they are talking about a feminine object, but for the purposes of the translation, this doesn't effect the genderless English translation of this sentence.
I put "Which with?" and it was marked as wrong. I actually did that because words are usually inverted (in comparison to non-question sentences) for questions like "Isn't it?" "Aren't they? Can't he?, but I see that this is not the case for questions like "For when?", "With whom?" (formal, technically correct, least used) and "With who?" (informal, technically incorrect, most common), or "With which", since they can all be written the same way in non-question phrases. "What about...?/How about...?" seems to contradict this, but since it has to include at least a third word on the question ,then I suppose it doesn't count. What a mess!! Mess a what?? Any clues ???
1117
Well, it is the noun or pronoun and the verb which are inverted in questions, eg. 'er ist' becomes 'ist er'. In this sentence neither 'with' nor 'which' is a verb.
'Mit welchem' and 'Mit welcher' would've been both right.
welche and welches are not right, since mit is a dative verb and dative transformations are such:
der -> dem das -> dem die -> der die (plural) -> den (Die Kinder -> den Kindern)
there's no 'es' or 'e' ending.
In this case, the 'unknown' is a feminine, like Tasse. If you were instead talking about a masculine thing (Tisch) or neutral (Buch) , you'd use welchem.