Your sentence is a different tense, namely present perfect (have + participle). Asked here is simple past, though. Your sentence would be translated as (if I'm not mistaken) "Har du informeret politiet?"

I agree this should be accepted. It is proper English grammar and it means the same exact thing.

This is either not the right grammar (in an English question without a question word you need to start with a form of 'to do', so: "Did you inform the police?") or it'd carry a different meaning.