"The cat is going out of the house."
Translation:Kedi evin dışına çıkıyor.
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I had trouble with this one, too, but for different reasons. Previously, I had assumed prepositions did not decline (or should I say inflect?), but clearly they do. I still do not have a good grasp of when to use dışında, dışına, or dışarıya, but I did come across a site that laid out some of the forms for this word, which I've pasted below:
kapının dışı - the outside of the gate (possessive?)
bankanın dışına - to the outside of the bank (genitive?)
evin dışında - at the outside of the house (locative?)
bahçenin dışından - from the outside the garden (ablative?)
dışardan - from outside - is used without a preceding noun, because it is a adverb of place.
dışarı gidiyorum. - I´m going out. (dışarıya - also could be used) (nominative?)
dışarıdan geliyorum. - I´m coming from outside. (ablative?)
dışarıdayım - I am outside. (locative + possessive?)
Source: http://www.turkishclass.com/forumTitle_57438.
Does anyone know of an even better resource? A chart showing case by point of view would be especially helpful. For example:
I am going out. ~ Dışarıya gidiyorum. You are going out. ~ _ gidiyorsun. He/She/It is going out ~ _ gidiyor. They are going out. ~ __ gidiyorlar. You (pl.) are going out. ~ _ gidiyorsunuz. We are going out. ~ _ gidiyoruz.
Or do we use "dışarıya" regardless of the point of view? Is this use of dışarıya an example of its use in the ablative case? Are prepositional cases categorized by case and declined accordingly?
In English, prepositional phrases can function as adjectives, adverbs, or nominals. For example:
Students like the owl with green feathers. (Adjective because with green feathers describes the owl. What kind of owl is it? An owl with green feathers.)
The owl flies between the trees. (Adverb because between the trees describes HOW or WHERE the owl flies. Where does the owl fly? It flies between the trees.)
The owl is next to the turkey. (Nominal because it links the description of the owl with a form of the word "to be."
For more on this see: http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/prepositions/Prepositional-Phrases.html
Because English prepositions do not decline, a student never really needs to know its function in the sentence, but since prepositions do decline in Turkish, students need to know what ending a preposition takes and why, which is a bit of a mystery to me right now.
If anyone has any good resources or advice to share on this, please share it with us.
I don't see "dış" / "iç" / "ara" / "kenar" / "üst" / "alt" etc. as prepositions. They're nouns.
Dış = the exterior
İç = the interior
Ara = the middle part
Kenar = the side
Üst = the upper part
Alt = the lower part
When you say: "I went out of the house", in Turkish it goes: "I went to the exterior of the house".
"The exterior of the house" is no different a structure than "the food of the dog"; just use the genitive: Ev-in dış-ı. Obviously you need the dative for this sentence, so: Ev-in dış-ı-n-a. The same thing for all the other words above.
Four words are maybe more difficult:
yukarı - up/upward/upstairs
aşağı - down/downward/downstairs
dışarı - out/outward/outside
içeri - in/inward/inside
You were correct in guessing that they're used regardless of the point of view. They're not used with a noun like the other words of direction. They all function the same way, so let's work on one of them. Let's see how "dışarı" works:
Noun form: Dışarısı
Ex: Dışarısı çok soğuk; sıkı giyin. (The outside is very cold; dress warm.)
Accusative: Dışarıyı = Dışarısını
Ex: Dışarısını/Dışarıyı göster. (Show the outside)
Dative: Dışarı = Dışarıya
Ex: Dışarı(ya) çık. (Go out.)
Ablative: Dışarıdan
Ex: Dışarıdan soğuk hava geliyor. (Cold air is coming from the outside).
I'm sure I've asked you this before but I just wanted to be sure. Is the buffer -n- added between the genitive ending and any other case ending?
I also see "diş" etc. as nouns rather than prepositions. However, I wondered if you would need one of those in this sentence at all, since I thought "çikiyor" already implied the outward directed motion so with an ablative applied on "ev" this would convey the meaning "out of/away from the house" already. You wrote the Turkish way to "go outside" is rather "go to the outside of". Would something like "kedi evden çikiyor" then not work as "go out of" at all, would it mean something different or just be an unusual phrasing?
1308
Dear JeurgenZirak,
"Kedi evden çıkıyor" = ("The cat leaves/goes outside the house"). The phrasing is fine and essentially conveys the same meaning as "The cat is going out of the house". The only difference is that one is stated in present tense as a single action and the other is stated in a way that could convey that this is a repeated action.
"goes outside the house" = "evden çikiyor" (repeated action) Eg. "Her akşam kedi evden çikiyor". ("The cat leaves the house every evening". ...stated as something that happens routinely... vs. "is going out of the house" = "Evin dışına çıkıyor" (present, single action).
Thank you very much for the prompt reply! I am a little confused on your pointing out the continuous present against simple present, however - both the suggested solution by DL, as well as my phrasing have the continuous present tense, don't they? Anyway the point I wanted to clarify, was on the idea of "going outside of X" versus "going to the outside of X" respectively.
- 1308
You're very welcome! I have slightly adjusted my previous post to help clarify. Basically, as I said earlier, "Kedi evden çıkıyor". essentially conveys the meaning of..."leaving or going outside of the house".
A PREposition is positioned in front of its object. These are POSTpositions (as the name of the lesson indicates.) If you don't think of them as prepositions, maybe it will be easier to think "Turkish."
- 1127
Exactly. And when you tap on "is going out of" in the source sentence, the popup gives ONLY çikiyor.
To use "çıkmak," you have to say where you are going out from or where you are going out to. You can pick which it is, but this verb is incomplete without a place.
I think yes, judging by the number of sentences on Tatoeba that match this query:
(*den|*ten|*dan|*tan) << çık*
You can also try this query:
"evinden çık*"
EDIT: The links were broken so I had to put the query separately.
Is there anyone who could explain the difference between "dışına" and "dışarıya"? Both are dative, both are used for "outside", right?
The postpositions deck on Memrise's Duolingo Turkish has these specifications!
dış = external; outer / the outside of sth
dışarı = outside; exterior; outdoors; out (both place and direction)
it also explains iç = inner; internal / the inside of sth içeri= interior; inside; indoors (both place and direction)
You actually say that the cat is going to a place called "the house's outside", don't you? I wonder if this includes that it is coming from the inside of the house. Does this sentence really suggest the cat is going from the inside to the outside?
"The cat is going out of the house." Translation: Kedi evin dışına çıkıyor.
&
Kedi evin dışına gidiyor.
Başka doğru Türkçe cevap.
Correct other Turkish answer accepted by Duo.
Exactly! That's why this sentence is so tricky.... The literal translation is something like: "The cat is exiting to the house's outside." In English, we don't usually "exit to the outside" of places. :-P
Why is it 'evin dışarısına,' not 'evin dışarısıya'? Am I right that the non-dative form is 'evin dışarısı' and that 'y' is usually the buffer for the dative suffix?
"evin dışarısı" is a possessive construction, after the possessive (-sı), the buffer letter -n- will follow, not -y-
I still do not understand why you say "dışarısına" in this answer. Can someone please explain???
dışarı --> out/outward/outside
evin dışarısı --> the outside of the house (genitive-possessive)
evin dışarısına --> to the outside of the house (buffer-n, dative case)
So, here the movement itself is not so important than the place in relation to home. Is this right?
Grammatically, it's perfectly fine. The problem is that it's not an accurate translation. It means "The cat is going out from the house."
KamyHelm
Hello.
Why "dışına?"
Dışın (noun) 1. Genitive of "dış."
Dış (noun) outside, exterior + -ın (genitive) + -a (dative)
The dative case - İsmin -E Hali.
We add the dative case suffix (y) -e, -a / -ye, -ya to the indirect object. In English it equates to prepositions, "at", "to" & "for."
&
not "dışında?"
The locative case in Turkish -DA describes location in, at or on a place. The cat is not already there. It is going there (çıkıyor).
"Kedi evin dışında." The cat is outside of the house. Correct suffix -DA application.
Thank you.
Why is it not Kedi evin içerinden çıkıyor. (The cat goes out from the inside of the house ?)
Take a look at Ektoraskan's comment again. But the other word you are looking for is "dışarı" not "dışar."
- 1053
kedi evden dışarıya çıkıyor is rejected, but wouldn´t it be a correct translation, too?