"Almanya'ya gittiğimde ailem beni her gün aradı."
Translation:My family called me every day when I went to Germany.
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Why does "giitiğimde" have the locative case ending on it?
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That is not the locative case ending in this instance. It indicates time.
Other examples with the same use:
Uyandığımda - When I woke up
Gittiğimde - When I went
Konuştuğumda - When I spoke
In response to Nur's response, it is indeed the locative, but it is slightly different when attached to verbs with -DIk, it takes on the the same meaning as "when." This construction has a similar meaning semantically to that of -(y)ken, although there are definitely instances where they are not interchangeable.
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often not really interchangeable with -iken, it is interchangeable -ince and -dik zaman though :)
for example
when I woke up: uyanınca/uyandığımda/uyandığım zaman. "uyanırken" sounds like there was a long process of waking up, like you are waking up from a coma :) in general -iken fits where you use "while"
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they are interchangeable, I think always, but I'll write here if I think of exceptions
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it seems in Turkish there is no any difference between position in space and position in time - like 4D continuum
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Could this also be: Almanya'ya gidirken ailem beni her gün aradı? Or is this talking more about the trip i.e. the going there part e.g. it took me 7 days to get there and on the journey the family called me each day.
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It looks like Selcen gave the answer already, referring to uyumak. -İken corresponds to "while", so your sentence would mean, "While I was going to Germany, my family called me every day." Like you said, it sounds like a long journey.
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Almanya'ya sounds like Alemania in Spanish. It's so cool Middle-Eastern languages have similarities with my Native Language: Spanish!
I added it as an alternative, but it just sounds a bit off to me. Not sure why though :)
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Why (When I went to Germany my family have called me every day) is wrong?
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I am a Native Turkish speaker (I am Albanian i lived in Turkey for 16 years) and this could be meant as "When i went to Germany my family was calling me every day" Please add