"O hospital oferece tratamento para essa doença?"
Translation:Does the hospital provide treatment for that disease?
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I'm Brazilian and you are right about the rule, BUT, do not stress about it, most Brazilians don't even know the rule, even graduates and professors... In practice we use both as meaning "this". It is quite annoying that Brazilian Portuguese grammar didn't evolve to acknowledge how we actually use our language, many students challenge the official rules and for good reason
i'm not talking about some students, I am talking about the most of the Brazilians, our language evolved and this rule no longer applies in the de facto language. And if you disagree with this then you also should disagree with any evolution in any language, you should believe that every english speaker must follow the rules of old english and that no latim derived language should exist, they are all wrong, everybody is speaking a wrong version of latim. Seems like an absurd right?
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We use "este, esta, isto" to talk about something that is nearby the speaker; "esse, essa, isso" to talk about something that is nearby the listener; and "aquele, aquela, aquilo" to talk about something that is far away from the both, speaker and listerner. Duolingo's exercises translate "este, esta, isto, esse, essa, isso" as "this"; "aquele, aquela, aquilo" as "that".