"Mi mendas unu litron da supo kaj du kilogramojn da tomatoj."
Translation:I order one liter of soup and two kilograms of tomatoes.
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Actually it would be Gxi Estas Multe as Estas alone means There Is which is not exactly a logical thing to reply as the previous speaker has already mentioned all of them. In detail.
my basic lunch, i eat a liter of italian wedding soup with homemade meatballs and dunk focaccia bread into the tomato paste until it's gone, which usually takes 6-7 loaves of bread
"Da" is a preposition. Words with a preposition (generally) don't get an -n.
Although the -n can be used to mark movement or direction:
en la domo = inside the house
en la domon = into the house)
But that's a lesson for later in the course. Until it comes up just stick to the rule of thumb that words with a preposition don't get an -n.
Why does "tomatoj" have the plural ending, while "supo" does not? I believe it is because soup is continuous, and tomatoes are not.
However I think my question stems from the fact that in talking about cooking, it sounds more natural to me to say: "The recipe calls for two kilograms of tomato" than it would be to end that sentence with "two kilograms of tomatoes". Is my first sentence, then, colloquially used but grammatically incorrect English? Does the answer change when the tomatoes called for are whole, as in my given example, vs chopped ? (I presume if they were pureed then they would be considered continuous, like soup, so if they start out as countable, that is-noncontinuous, and then as you chop or smash them at some point they are considered continuous...how is that point determined in Esperanto, heck, even an answer on how the rules say it should be determined in English would be helpful).
(I am a native English speaker.)
I am also a native speaker, and I think it's not very clear cut. Labels at the grocery store definitely say "Diced Tomatoes." It doesn't really sound wrong to say "a bowl of diced tomato." However, I would always say "a bowl of diced tomatoes," since it (most likely) took more than one tomato.
Soup is a mass noun, so it sounds just as weird as saying soups in the same context in English
Okay so I'm not going to ask who orders that much food, but who the hell orders soup by the liter and tomatoes by the kilo?!!?
A tomato is just tomato without any article in Esperanto; can I omit unu in unu litron as well?
Not necessarily, because "unu" means one, while having no article before a noun, such as "litro" means "a liter". I guess it would mean the same thing, "a liter" or "one liter", but if you're told to translate "one liter of water" you are told that it's "one" and not "a" and therefore need to put "unu litro da akvon". If you're given "litro da akvon" then you know to put "a liter of water" rather than "one liter of water" because without the article in front of "litro" it is automatically "a" or "an"
Yes, I know what you mean. By the way shouldn't it be unu litro da akvo? Thank you!
The multiple choice only gave 3 words, all of which were in the answer. It was a little too easy!
No, it needs to be expressed as the example shows. Have you read the grammar notes for this lesson on the main website? They make it clearer...
The grammatical case that expresses part of something, is called partitive. Partitive is expressed in many Indo-European languages by a prepositional construct, in English by the word of , one litre of soup. E-o basing on Indo-European languages uses da, unu litro da supo.
Now in this case the partitive expression unu litro da supo is in the role of direct object in the sentence, and therefore litro must be in the accusative case, thus unu litron da supo.
Because the two kilograms are also part of the object of the sentence, so you use the accusative.
I translated the sentence to "I order one litre soup and two kilograms tomatoes.", and got flagged for a missing word ("of" before the tomatoes). I have no trouble with Esperanto but with English here!
as someone who doesn't use the metric system, are there standard system words in Esperanto? i signed up to learn a new language not a new system of measurement.
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What's the difference between "da" and "de". I use Duolingo only on phone so I can't check it myself.
Konrad,
Take a look at my response above, where I talk about the partitive object.
Generally speaking "da" is used to add a measure to a thing. The thing is usually non-countable or non-discrete. PIV (Plena Ilustrita Vortaro) gives two uses:
1) prepozicio esprimanta kunon de fizika aŭ metafora ujo kaj ĝia enhavo
glaso da akvo: a glass of water (with subunderstanding that the glass is completely filled with water)
60 paĝoj da teksto: 60 pages of text (not counting empty pages or pages exclusively with illustrations)
tuto da kondiĉoj kaj ĉirkaŭaĵoj: (taking into account) all conditions and circumstances
2) prepozicio uzata por rilatigi kun iliaj komplementoj vortojn esprimantajn precizan aŭ neprecizan kvanton, nombron, mezuron, pezon.
unu kilogramo da viando: one kilogram of meat
pli da akvo: more water
"De" is a multipurpose beast with over ten different meanings (of, from, by...). See PIV.
PS. There are also cases where both "da" and "de" can be used, but they have different meanings.